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Introduction$#II. Identifying needs for the poor$$$-III. Financing basic utilities for the poor..$("6III. Financing basic utilities for the poor (Cont.)77$IV. Minimizing costs$IV. Minimizing costs (Cont.)$V. Cost recovery$ VI. Conclusion$ #VI. Conclusion (Cont.)$ !VI. 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D0 0B "  <$  0  W#Click to edit Master subtitle style$ $ E0 6G "``  \* F0 6L "`   ^* G0 6P "`   ^*B 0 s *޽h ? 3f3f  ___PPT10 +ƜD ' = @B D ' = @BA?%,( < +O%,( < +D' =%(%(D' =%(D' =ABBB@B0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+#.<*C0%(D' =+4 8?RCBBCB#ppt_wB*Y3>B ppt_w<*C0D' =+4 8?RCBBCB#ppt_hB*Y3>B ppt_h<*C0D_' =%(D' =%(D' =ABBB@B0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+#.<*D0$%(D' =+4 8?RCBBCB#ppt_wB*Y3>B ppt_w<*D0$D' =+4 8?RCBBCB#ppt_hB*Y3>B ppt_h<*D0$+p+0+C0 ++0+D0 +tK0 z0(     0_C0*<$  0    S `D0p <$  0  X  0A?P   T\b ??` iLusaka - April 24th, 20074 2 '  T|h ??  !Financing basic utilities for all""(2"(<      H  0޽h ? ̙33z___PPT10Z.+vxD' = @B D}' = @BA?%,( < +O%,( < +D' =%(%(D' =%(D' =ABBB@B0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+#.<*.%(D' =+4 8?RCBBCB#ppt_wB*Y3>B ppt_w<*.D' =+4 8?RCBBCB#ppt_hB*Y3>B ppt_h<*.D_' =%(D' =%(D' =ABBB@B0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+#.<*%(D' =+4 8?RCBBCB#ppt_wB*Y3>B ppt_w<*D' =+4 8?RCBBCB#ppt_hB*Y3>B ppt_h<*D_' =%(D' =%(D' =ABBB@B0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+#.<*!%(D' =+4 8?RCBBCB#ppt_wB*Y3>B ppt_w<*!D' =+4 8?RCBBCB#ppt_hB*Y3>B ppt_h<*!D_' =%(D' =%(D' =ABBB@B0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+#.<*"+%(D' =+4 8?RCBBCB#ppt_wB*Y3>B ppt_w<*"+D' =+4 8?RCBBCB#ppt_hB*Y3>B ppt_h<*"++p+0+ ++0+ + K0  ``(  `r ` S A,%;    ` S B,    "X ` 0A?<H ` 0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10u..oIg+D=' = @B + K0  8(  8x 8 c $A,@@P    X 8 0A?<r 8 T ??` F Ensuring sustainable access for the poor through internal revenue generation:Electricity In order to achieve MDGs it is imperative for all stakeholders to ensure increased sustainable access to basic utilities for all; the positive impact of access to basic utilities on health, education and gender is no more questionable; The question is whether we should consider  basic utilities for the poor as commercial commodities or not; The answer to this question would guide to the assessment of best options for financing related infrastructure.X[(2 2X,CH 8 0޽h ? 3f3fy___PPT10Y+D=' = @B + K0 p (     0. P ^"   X  0A?<  N0. A,@  . z  T. ??P' Optimize the knowledge of the real needs through participatory approach; Participatory approach - sustainability of the infrastructure; - ownership strengthened; How to do it ?  sensitization through meetings; - In kind contribution of the beneficiaries (labor intensive works, maintenance after adequate training); ! Better identification of the needs: - ensure sustainability and ownership, eases the implementation and success of the projects for access to electricity. a 2D 22 28 2_  H  0޽h ? ̙33y___PPT10Y+D=' = @B + K0 ! (  X  0A?<   NH. A,@  . o   T. ?? A Financing options: 1. External financing: IFIs, Carbon Fund, GEF.. 2. Internal revenue generation: - pooling together the efforts : => Role of Municipalities and NGOs, => Organizing people in associations or cooperatives; - Government subsidies: direct, tax levies, cross-subsidies; l 2. 2&,H  0޽h ? ̙33y___PPT10Y+D=' = @B +! K0 I(    T+. ??au  Financing options: 2. Internal revenue generation: - Private Sector: only possible if in partnership with public (PPP); - PPP alleviates the burden of public funds: => Government/Municipality provide subsidies => Private sector ensure implementation, maintenance and equity; ! The main role to be played by Government / Municipality =>initiative, planning as well as financing.  2 22D:0  N`9. A,pH  . X  0A?<H  0޽h ? 3f3fB K0 QI(  X  0A?<  Nd. A,@@  .   T?. ??D<4___PPT9 Best identification of the needs => supply what really needed (how much energy and for what use); Assessment of the optimal supply option => transmission line, solar system (PV), micro hydro, wind energy, biomass, etc.; Taxation: No taxes for materials dedicated to electricity access for the poor; Efficiency => possible use of local material (wood poles instead steel poles,etc.); => possible use of local labor (cheap and ensure sustainability); => technology and costs trade off: 2p 2!gMF  @`H  0޽h ? ̙33y___PPT10Y+D=' = @B +\ K0 p(  pX p 0A?< p N4\. A,p  . B p TL. ??P  Efficiency => technology and costs trade off: $ latest technology may be expensive in investment but have low maintenance costs and best efficiency; $ old technology may be cheap in investment but have high maintenance costs and low efficiency; # adequate equipments has to be assessed (single phase transformers); # consumer side: use of energy saving lamps (CFLs). 2'ymT6,  @`H p 0޽h ? 3f3f K0 tr(  tX t 0A?< t NLO. A,@@  . 0 t T. ??  Ensuring sustainable access for the poor& . Is it possible to provide electricity to the poor and expect cost recovery financially speaking ? What do we expect to recover as costs from a person earning less than 1$ per day ? Cost recovery YES. But the economic cost and most of time in the long-term; ! Again: basic utilities for the poor should not be considered as commercial commodities.|- 2 2Z 2*XH t 0޽h ? 3f3fy___PPT10Y+D=' = @B +  K0  |1(  |X | 0A?< | N. A,@@  .   | T  ??D<4___PPT9 For the poor basic utilities should not be considered as commercial commodities, particularly water and electricity; Generating internal revenue: => pooling efforts together through cooperatives or associations; => government or municipality should be the leading entities: initiative, planning and financing; => Subsidies are a necessity:direct or cross-subsidies have to be considered; =>PPP accompanied with subsidies could be an option. * 22 2 @`H | 0޽h ? 3f3f| K0   (  X  0A?<  N A,@@   b  T ?? 3. Basic utilities for the poor should be primarily a duty of Government and municipality; 4. Minimizing costs: => Best identification of the needs; => Assessment of the best supply option of electricity; => efficiency in implementing projects and at the consumer side to be considered; => No taxation! Subsidies are a necessity. 5. Cost recovery: - Economic cost recovery in the long- term:YES;  2H  0޽h ? 3f3f K0 5- (  X  0A?<  N  A,@@   o  Th ?? S5. Cost recovery: - Financial cost recovery is very difficult; 6. Best cycle: Government/Municipality finance access to electricity income generating activities => economic growth => increase in purchasing power Private sector intervention in health, education, etc. Note: The private sector will only come when the poor is more poor !|O 2(2F 2[@2  Z?? 2  Z?? 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Introduction$II. Identifying needs for the poor.III. Financing basic utilities for the poor7III. Financing basic utilities for the poor (Cont.)IV. Minimizing costsIV. Minimizing costs (Cont.)V. Cost recoveryVI. ConclusionVI. Conclusion (Cont.)VI. Conclusion (Cont.) THANK YOU  Fonts UsedDesign Template Slide Titles 4 $, PowerPoint Document(yDocumentSummaryInformation8