§°§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§ç §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Õ§Ñ §ß§à§â§Þ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ ¡ª §Ü§à§ß§Ó§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Û, §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó, §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§â§ä§à§Ó, ¡ª §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§ç §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§à§ë§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §å§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §®§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í, §Ú§ß§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Þ §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§å §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §·§à§ä§ñ §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §à§ß§Ñ §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Õ§ß§Ö§Ó§ß§å§ð §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö.

§µ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §°§°§¯ §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §å§â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §ã§á§à§â§à§Ó §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§â§Ò§Ú§ä§â§Ñ§Ø §Ú §ã§å§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§à§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à (§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 33), §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§à§à§ë§â§ñ§ä§î §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §Ü§à§Õ§Ú§æ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú (§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 13).

§¯§Ñ §ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §å §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§ñ §°§°§¯ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 560 §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§ç §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó, §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §å §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó-§é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §Ú§Ý§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß. §¿§ä§Ú §Ú§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§í §à§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§â §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ñ §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í.

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§¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ñ §ã§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ú§Ù §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó ¡ª §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §°§°§¯ §Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ë§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§à§Þ §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ. §¥§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à, §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ö§Û, §Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ §Ú§ç §à§ä§Ü§â§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§ä§Ú§æ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú. §º§Ö§ã§ä§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú (§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó§í§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ) §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ö §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú §Ú §Ó§í§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó§í§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ. §¿§ä§à§ä §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ú§Ù §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó-§é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó.

§©§Ñ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §â§ñ§Õ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§ç §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö:

  •  (1948 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (1965 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (1966 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (1966 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (1979 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (1982 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (1989 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (1996 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (1999 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (2005 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (2006 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (2008 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (2008 §Ô§à§Õ)

§£§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ñ§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§á§â§à§ç§à§Õ§è§Ñ, §â§Ö§ê§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§í §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ñ. §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ú§ß§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Þ §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Û §á§à §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó§à§Û §Ò§Ñ§Ù§í §Ó §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ñ§ç, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ñ §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í, §â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§â§å§Õ§à§å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §Ù§Ñ §à§Ò§à§â§à§ä§à§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§Ü§à§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ú §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ñ §ã §ä§Ö§â§â§à§â§Ú§Ù§Þ§à§Þ. §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ö§ä §ï§ä§å §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å, §á§à §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §á§â§Ú§à§Ò§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§à§Þ §ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§â§Ö §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §ß§à§â§Þ§í §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö §Ô§å§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§Ñ§â§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à.

§¹§ä§à§Ò§í §á§à§Ò§å§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ-§é§Ý§Ö§ß§í §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ä§î §Ü§à§ß§Ó§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§í §á§à §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ§Þ, §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ö§Ø§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ.  §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö 2023 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§à§ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§à §á§à§à§ë§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ó§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§Ö§Ô§à §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§ç §ï§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §Ó §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ§ç §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ù§Õ§à§â§à§Ó§à§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä§í.

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§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ, §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ö§Û §Ó 1947 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Þ§å §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ð §Ú §Ü§à§Õ§Ú§æ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ß§à§â§Þ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ. §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §ã§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ú§Ù 34 §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó§í§Ö §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§ð§ä §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ï§Ü§ã§á§Ö§â§ä§í §Ó §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§Þ §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö, §Ñ §ß§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß. §°§ß§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§â§å§Ô§Ñ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ó §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ó §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§ä §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ, §ã §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Þ §¬§â§Ñ§ã§ß§à§Ô§à §¬§â§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ, §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ §³§å§Õ§à§Þ §Ú §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §°§°§¯. §°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§Ñ§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Ó §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §á§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Þ §Ñ§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ§Þ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ.

§£ §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ñ§ç §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ñ §Ó§í§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§Ö§ä §ä§Ö§Þ§å, §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §à§ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä, §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ñ§ç §ä§Ö§Þ§å §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ö§Û §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ñ. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ú§Ý§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å §ß§Ñ§Õ §ä§Ö§Þ§à§Û, §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ñ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §à§ä §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §ã§à§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§å§ð §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ð §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ§à§é§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§î §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §Ó §ä§å §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§å§ð §Ü§à§ß§Ó§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ð. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§Ó§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ä§Ö§Þ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ö§Ö §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §¯§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ü§à§ß§Ó§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§å §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §¬ §Ú§ç §é§Ú§ã§Ý§å §à§ä§ß§à§ã§ñ§ä§ã§ñ:

  •  (1997 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (1986 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (1983 §Ô§à§Õ)
  •  (1973 §Ô§à§Õ)

§®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö §Ô§å§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§Ñ§â§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à

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§°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó§Ù§ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ë§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ§ç §á§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ð §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ô§å§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§Ñ§â§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ. §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§Ö§Ö §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §Ó §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ö §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§à§Ó, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§ñ §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ö §Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Û §Ó §ç§à§Õ§Ö §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û.

§³§å§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§à§Ö §å§â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§á§à§â§à§Ó

§®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §³§å§Õ

Exterior of International Court of Justice in the Hague

§®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §³§å§Õ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ §ã§å§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§í§Þ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§à§Þ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §³ §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó 1946 §Ô§à§Õ§å §³§å§Õ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§Ý §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 190 §Õ§Ö§Ý, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó§í§ß§Ö§ã §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à §ã§á§à§â§Ñ§Þ, §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ö§Þ§å §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ú §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §°§°§¯. §¢§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Õ§Ö§Ý §Ò§í§Ý§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§à §³§å§Õ§à§Þ §Ó §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ö, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Õ§Ö§Ý §á§à §á§â§à§ã§î§Ò§Ö §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§à §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ñ§Þ.

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