51³Ô¹Ï

11 §Ú§ð§Ý§ñ 2022

§¬ 15 §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2022 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä§í §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§Ö§ä §Ó§à§ã§î§Þ§Ú §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§Ñ§â§Õ§à§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü, §Ñ §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ §Ô§à§Õ§å §ª§ß§Õ§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Û §Ô§å§ã§ä§à§ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ. §´§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §à§ä§é§Ö§ä§Ö §°§°§¯, §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ §ã§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ, §Ó§à §£§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§¯§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ, §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö, §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ä §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ§Ú §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã 1950 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§í §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ó§í§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â§ß§à §Õ§à 8,5 §Þ§Ý§â§Õ §Ó 2030 §Ô§à§Õ§å&²Ô²ú²õ±è;§Ú&²Ô²ú²õ±è;9,7 §Þ§Ý§â§Õ ¨C §Ó 2050-§Þ. §£ 2080-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä §á§Ú§Ü §Ó 10,4 §Þ§Ý§â§Õ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü, §Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö, §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â§ß§à §Õ§Ó§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§Ú §Ý§Ö§ä, §ï§ä§à§ä §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ.

?§£ §ï§ä§à§ä §â§Ñ§Ù §£§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ù§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ô§à§Õ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Þ§í §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ §â§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§ã§î§Þ§Ú§Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§Ñ§â§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §©§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú, ¨C §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §Ó §á§à§ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ú§Ü §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§î §°§°§¯ §¡§ß§ä§à§ß§Ú§å §¤§å§ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ê. ¨C §¿§ä§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ §á§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§å §à§è§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ù§Õ§â§Ñ§Ó§à§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ú §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§ß§Ú§Ù§Ú§Ý§Ú §å§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§î §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú §Õ§Ö§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Þ§Ö§â§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §£ §ä§à §Ø§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ï§ä§à §ß§Ñ§á§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §à §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ù§Ñ §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§Ý §ß§Ñ §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä§Ö?.

§²§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §ã§ß§Ú§Ø§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ

§¡§Ó§ä§à§â§í §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ World Population Prospects 2022 §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ð§ä, §é§ä§à §Ù§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §â§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ó§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ä§ß§à §ã§ß§Ú§Ù§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î. §³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ñ§Þ, §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §ã 2022 §á§à 2050 §Ô§à§Õ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö 61 §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§å§Þ §ß§Ñ §à§Õ§Ú§ß §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à §ß§Ú§Ù§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ §â§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú, §Ó §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ñ§ç, §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ §ï§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú.

§¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§í §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§å§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§â§à§ã§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Õ§à 2050 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ó§à§ã§Ö§Þ§î §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß: §¥§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §²§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§å §¬§à§ß§Ô§à, §¦§Ô§Ú§á§Ö§ä, §¿§æ§Ú§à§á§Ú§ð, §ª§ß§Õ§Ú§ð, §¯§Ú§Ô§Ö§â§Ú§ð, §±§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§ß, §¶§Ú§Ý§Ú§á§á§Ú§ß§í §Ú §´§Ñ§ß§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð. §°§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ü §ð§Ô§å §à§ä §³§Ñ§ç§Ñ§â§í §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ñ§ä §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§í §á§â§Ú§â§à§ã§ä§Ñ, §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §Õ§à 2050 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ.

§£§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §â§à§ã§ä§à§Þ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§í§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ú §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ

?§£§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §â§à§ã§ä§à§Þ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§í§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ú §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ, ¨C §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý §­§ð §¹§Ø§ï§ß§î§Þ§Ú§ß§î, §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§ñ §°§°§¯ §á§à §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ. ¨C §¢§í§ã§ä§â§í§Û §â§à§ã§ä §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ö§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§å §ã §Ô§à§Ý§à§Õ§à§Þ §Ú §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ §Ù§Õ§â§Ñ§Ó§à§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ. §¥§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §¸§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ã§à §Ù§Õ§à§â§à§Ó§î§Ö§Þ, §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §Ô§Ö§ß§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§Þ §â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ, §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ §â§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §â§à§ã§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä§í?.

§±§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ

§³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ñ§Þ, §Õ§à§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ó §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö 65 §Ý§Ö§ä §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§â§ê§Ö §Ó§í§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ä §ã 10 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §Ó 2022 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Õ§à 16 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §Ó 2050-§Þ. §³§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §ã§à §ã§ä§Ñ§â§Ö§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §à§ä§é§Ö§ä§Ö, §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §Þ§Ö§â§í §á§à §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ §Ü §â§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ë§Ö§Þ§å §é§Ú§ã§Ý§å §á§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§í§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û, §Ó §ä§à§Þ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ §Ó§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú §á§Ö§ß§ã§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§°§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §Ó 2019 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ý§Ñ 72,8 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §é§ä§à §á§à§é§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ §Õ§Ö§Ó§ñ§ä§î §Ý§Ö§ä §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö, §é§Ö§Þ §Ó 1990-§Þ. §±§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Ö §ã§ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Þ§Ö§â§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ä §Ü §ä§à§Þ§å, §é§ä§à §Ü 2050 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§ñ§ñ §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 77,2 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. 

§µ§£§¬§¢ §°§°§¯ / §¬. §®§Ö§Ý§è§Ö§â

§¯§Ñ §æ§à§ä§à: §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§í §Ú§Ù §µ§Ü§â§Ñ§Ú§ß§í §Ó§ì§Ö§Ù§Ø§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó §±§à§Ý§î§ê§å §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §á§à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§á§Ö§â§Ö§ç§à§Õ §®§Ö§Õ§í§Ü§Ñ.

§¶§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â §Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú

§£ §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §ã 2010 §á§à 2021 §Ô§à§Õ §é§Ú§ã§ä§í§Û §á§â§Ú§ä§à§Ü §Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó §Ó 40 §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 200 §ä§í§ã§ñ§é §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü. §£ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§å §´§å§â§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ú §á§â§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Ú§ë§Ñ §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ö (§á§à§é§ä§Ú 4 §Þ§Ý§ß), §Ù§Ñ §ß§Ö§Û §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ä §ª§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ (3 §Þ§Ý§ß), §¤§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ (2 §Þ§Ý§ß) §Ú §¬§à§Ý§å§Þ§Ò§Ú§ñ (1,8 §Þ§Ý§ß). §¥§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§à§á§å§Ý§ñ§â§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §¤§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß, §±§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§ß, §³§å§Õ§Ñ§ß, §µ§Ô§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ §Ú §³§º§¡. 

§±§à §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ñ§Þ, §é§Ú§ã§ä§í§Û §à§ä§ä§à§Ü §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §ã 2010 §á§à 2021 §Ô§à§Õ §á§â§Ö§Ó§í§ê§Ñ§Ý §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î §Ó §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü. §£§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §Ú§Ù §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §å§Ò§í§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í. §´§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§Ö§ë§Ö§Û §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§ß§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §±§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ, §ª§ß§Õ§Ú§Ú, §¢§Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ê, §¯§Ö§á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ú §º§â§Ú-§­§Ñ§ß§Ü§Ú. §£ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §³§Ú§â§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §¡§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§å§ð §²§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§å, §£§Ö§ß§Ö§ã§å§ï§Ý§å §Ú §®§î§ñ§ß§Þ§å, §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§à§Û §é§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ô§à §à§ä§ä§à§Ü§Ñ §Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ý§à §à§ä§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §£§à§Û§ß§Ñ §Ó §µ§Ü§â§Ñ§Ú§ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ü §á§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 13 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü §Ü §Ü§à§ß§è§å §Þ§Ñ§ñ 2022 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. 6,8 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §ß§Ú§ç §á§à§Ü§Ú§ß§å§Ý§Ú §µ§Ü§â§Ñ§Ú§ß§å, §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ò§â§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ã§î §Ó §±§à§Ý§î§ê§å §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §ã§à§ã§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í.

§£§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ú

§±§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§ñ&²Ô²ú²õ±è;COVID-19, §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö, §Ù§Ñ§ä§â§à§ß§å§Ý§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§á§à§ß§Ö§ß§ä§í §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §°§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §Ó 2021 §Ô§à§Õ§å §å§á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Õ§à 71 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §£ §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §ß§Ö§á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ó§à§Ý§ß§í §á§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ü §Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ü§à§ã§â§à§é§ß§à§Þ§å §å§Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ñ §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Ú §â§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. 

§£ §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §á§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Û §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §á§â§Ú §â§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú. §£ §¢§à§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ú, §¢§à§ä§ã§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ö, §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ö, §®§Ö§Ü§ã§Ú§Ü§Ö, §°§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ú §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §¶§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ú §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Û §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §ã 2019 §á§à 2021 §Ô§à§Õ §ã§ß§Ú§Ù§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §é§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §é§Ö§ä§í§â§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §£ 2021 §Ô§à§Õ§å §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §à§ä §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö 70 §Ý§Ö§ä §Ó §²§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ö §®§à§Ý§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ §Ú §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §¶§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Õ§à 84 §Ý§Ö§ä §Ó §º§Ó§Ö§Û§è§Ñ§â§Ú§Ú.

?§¥§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ §ã§ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §Õ§à §ã§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§í §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§Ý§à §á§à§Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ñ §ä§Ö§Þ§á§í §â§à§ã§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§à§Þ §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §á§à§Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§Ö§Ý§à, ¨C §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý §¥§Ø§à§ß §µ§Ú§Ý§Þ§à§ä, §Õ§Ú§â§Ö§Ü§ä§à§â §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¥§Ö§á§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. ¨C §´§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §Ü§å§Þ§å§Ý§ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Û §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä §ß§Ú§Ù§Ü§à§Û §â§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §à§ß §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Û, §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ü §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §â§à§ã§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§Ö §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ?.