51³Ô¹Ï

§¹§ä§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ?

§±§à§Õ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ð§ä §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§ã§â§à§é§ß§í§Ö §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û. §¿§ä§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú, §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §³§à§Ý§ß§è§Ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§â§å§á§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó§å§Ý§Ü§Ñ§ß§à§Ó. §´§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö, §ã 1800-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó §Ñ§ß§ä§â§à§á§à§Ô§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§å§ë§Ú§Þ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Þ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Ù§Ñ §ã§é§Ö§ä §ã§Ø§Ú§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§ã§Ü§à§á§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §Ó§Ú§Õ§à§Ó §ä§à§á§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §å§Ô§à§Ý§î, §ß§Ö§æ§ä§î §Ú §Ô§Ñ§Ù.

§£ §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §ã§Ø§Ú§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§ã§Ü§à§á§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §Ó§Ú§Õ§à§Ó §ä§à§á§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§í§Ò§â§à§ã§í §á§Ñ§â§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§í§ç §Ô§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§à §à§Õ§Ö§ñ§Ý§å §à§Ü§å§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §©§Ö§Þ§Ý§ð, §å§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ §ã§à§Ý§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§Ö §ä§Ö§Ý§à §Ú §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§å.

§¬ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ §á§Ñ§â§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§í§Þ §Ô§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Þ, §Ó§í§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §à§ä§ß§à§ã§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §å§Ô§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ú§ã§Ý§í§Û §Ô§Ñ§Ù §Ú §Þ§Ö§ä§Ñ§ß. §°§ß§Ú §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §á§â§Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ò§Ö§ß§Ù§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ó §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§ñ§ç §Ú§Ý§Ú §å§Ô§Ý§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§ä§à§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û. §²§Ñ§ã§é§Ú§ã§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î §Ú §Ý§Ö§ã§à§Ó §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ü §Ó§í§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §å§Ô§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ú§ã§Ý§à§Ô§à §Ô§Ñ§Ù§Ñ. §¤§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §Ó§í§Ò§â§à§ã§à§Ó §Þ§Ö§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à, §ß§Ö§æ§ä§ñ§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú §Ô§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î. §¬ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§å §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó§í§Ò§â§à§ã§à§Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ã§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ö§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§á§à§â§ä, §Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö.

§°§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §á§à§ä§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ö§Ø§Ú§ä §ß§Ñ §Ý§ð§Õ§ñ§ç

§¬§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú , §é§ä§à §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü §ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ä §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ù§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §á§à§ä§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö 200 §Ý§Ö§ä. §¥§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §å§á§à§Þ§ñ§ß§å§ä§Ñ§ñ §Ó§í§ê§Ö, §á§â§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ü §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §á§Ñ§â§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§í§ç §Ô§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ô§â§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Þ§Ú§â §Ò§í§ã§ä§â§Ö§Ö, §é§Ö§Þ §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à, §á§à §Ü§â§Ñ§Û§ß§Ö§Û §Þ§Ö§â§Ö, §Ù§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ó§Ö §ä§í§ã§ñ§é§Ú §Ý§Ö§ä.

§³§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã §©§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ 1,1¡ãC §ä§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§Ö, §é§Ö§Þ §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö 1800-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó (§Õ§à §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §â§Ö§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú) §Ú §ä§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§Ö, §é§Ö§Þ §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Ù§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö 100 000 §Ý§Ö§ä. §±§â§à§ê§Ö§Õ§ê§Ö§Ö §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Ö (2011¨C2020 §Ô§à§Õ§í) §Ò§í§Ý§à §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ §ä§Ö§á§Ý§í§Þ §Ó §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Ö §Ú§Ù §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §é§Ö§ä§í§â§Ö§ç §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Û §Ò§í§Ý§à §ä§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§Ö, §é§Ö§Þ §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§í§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ö §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã 1850 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ.

§·§à§ä§ñ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§ð§ä, §é§ä§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í, §â§à§ã§ä §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í ¡ª §ï§ä§à §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú. §±§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §©§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ ¡ª §ï§ä§à §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ, §Ô§Õ§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§à, §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §á§à§Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç.

§£ §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ü §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §à§ä§ß§à§ã§ñ§ä, §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §á§â§à§é§Ö§Ô§à, §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ç§Ú, §ß§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§å §Ó§à§Õ§í, §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ø§Ñ§â§í, §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ §Þ§à§â§ñ, §ß§Ñ§Ó§à§Õ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ä§Ñ§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§ñ§â§ß§í§ç §Ý§î§Õ§à§Ó, §Ü§Ñ§ä§Ñ§ã§ä§â§à§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ê§ä§à§â§Þ§í §Ú §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ú§à§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§ñ.

§­§ð§Õ§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Þ§Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ

§ª§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Þ §Ù§Õ§à§â§à§Ó§î§Ö, §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§í§â§Ñ§ë§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§í, §Ø§Ú§Ý§î§Ö, §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ö. §¯§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ú§Ù §ß§Ñ§ã §å§Ø§Ö §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §å§ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Þ§í §Ü §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ð §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §Ý§ð§Õ§Ú, §Ø§Ú§Ó§å§ë§Ú§Ö §Ó §Þ§Ñ§Ý§í§ç §à§ã§ä§â§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§ç §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ §Þ§à§â§ñ §Ú §Ú§ß§ä§â§å§Ù§Ú§ñ §ã§à§Ý§Ö§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§Õ, §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ý§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ, §é§ä§à §è§Ö§Ý§í§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§í §á§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ, §Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ä§ñ§Ø§ß§í§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ç§Ú §á§à§Õ§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§ð§ä §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §â§Ú§ã§Ü§å §Ô§à§Ý§à§Õ§Ñ. §£ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §â§à§ã§ä §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ñ ?§Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó?.

§¬§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Û §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§å§ã §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§ä§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö

§£ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §ä§í§ã§ñ§é§Ú §å§é§Ö§ß§í§ç §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ï§Ü§ã§á§Ö§â§ä§à§Ó §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§à§ã§ä§Ñ §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §ß§Ñ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö §ß§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 1,5¡ãC §á§à§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Þ §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §ç§å§Õ§ê§Ú§ç §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §Ú §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§î §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä, §á§â§Ú§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú. §´§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö, §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Þ§Ö§â§í §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §á§à§ä§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü §Ü§à§ß§è§å §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ.

§·§à§ä§ñ §Ó§í§Ò§â§à§ã§í, §Ó§í§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§ç §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ú §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç, . §´§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Þ§î §Ü§â§å§á§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§ç §ï§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó (§¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û, §³§º§¡, §ª§ß§Õ§Ú§ñ, §¦§³, §ª§ß§Õ§à§ß§Ö§Ù§Ú§ñ, §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Ú §¢§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ) §Ó 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§å §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §à§Ü§à§Ý§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§í §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§í§ç §Ó§í§Ò§â§à§ã§à§Ó §á§Ñ§â§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§í§ç §Ô§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó.

§®§í §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§ã§ñ §ã §à§Ô§â§à§Þ§ß§í§Þ §Ó§í§Ù§à§Ó§à§Þ, §ß§à §ß§Ñ§Þ §å§Ø§Ö §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ

§®§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ó§í§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ§Ú, §ß§à §Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ñ§ê§å §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ú§ä§î §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§å§ð §ã§â§Ö§Õ§å. §µ §ß§Ñ§ã §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ö§ã§ä§î §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§í §Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ, §²§Ñ§Þ§à§é§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§Ó§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §à§Ò §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö. §ª§Þ§Ö§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ä§â§Ú §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§à§â§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û: §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§í§Ò§â§à§ã§à§Ó, §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ü §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§ç §Þ§Ö§â §á§à §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú.

§±§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§à§Õ §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ö§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ §ã §Ú§ã§Ü§à§á§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §ä§à§á§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§à§Ò§ß§à§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§à§Ý§ß§è§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ö§ä§Ö§â, §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§ä §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ó§í§Ò§â§à§ã§í, §Ó§í§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §¯§à §ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§ä§î §ß§å§Ø§ß§à §á§â§ñ§Þ§à §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã. §¯§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§Ñ§Ý§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß, §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§é§î §é§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ô§à §ß§å§Ý§Ö§Ó§à§Ô§à §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ §Ó§í§Ò§â§à§ã§à§Ó §Ü 2050 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §à§Ü§à§Ý§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§í §Þ§Ö§â §á§à §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ó§í§Ò§â§à§ã§à§Ó §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§ä§î §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Ü 2030 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §ã §ä§Ö§Þ §é§ä§à§Ò§í §å§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§ä§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö 1,5¡ãC. §¥§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §å§Ô§Ý§ñ, §ß§Ö§æ§ä§Ú §Ú §Ô§Ñ§Ù§Ñ: §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Õ§Ó§å§ç §ä§â§Ö§ä§Ö§Û §ã§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ§ê§ß§Ú§ç §Õ§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§ã§à§Ó §Ú§ã§Ü§à§á§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §ä§à§á§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§î §Ó §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö §Ü 2050 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ü§Ñ§ä§Ñ§ã§ä§â§à§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ.

§¸§Ö§Ý§î §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ü §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ã§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û, §Ú§ç §Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú§ë§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ, §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó §Ü §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð, §Ú§ß§æ§â§Ñ§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§å §Ú §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í. §¿§ä§Ñ §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ú§ç §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û, §ß§à §Ú §ä§Ö§ç, §ã §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ§Ú, §Ó§Ö§â§à§ñ§ä§ß§à, §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§å§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ. §·§à§ä§ñ §Þ§Ö§â§í §á§à §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à, §Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §á§â§Ú§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§ß§à§Ö §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §å§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §å§ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Þ§í§Þ §ã§Ý§à§ñ§Þ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §å §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§î §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §å§Ô§â§à§Ù§Ñ§Þ. §¿§ä§à §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §à§Ü§å§á§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã§á§à§Ý§ß§Ñ. §¯§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §â§Ñ§ß§ß§Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§Ú§ç§Ú§Û§ß§í§ç §Ò§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §ã§á§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ä §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ú §Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §á§â§Ú§ß§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§í§Ô§à§Õ§í, §Ó §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ü§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù §á§â§Ö§Ó§í§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ä§â§Ñ§ä§í.

§®§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§Þ §à§á§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §ã§é§Ö§ä §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã §Ú§Ý§Ú §Õ§à§â§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§á§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ

§®§Ö§â§í §á§à §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ö §ã §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§ð§ä §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§à§Ó§í§ç §Ó§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó §Ú §Õ§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§í§ç §Ü§â§å§Ô§à§Ó. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ò§Ö§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ô§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§à §Õ§à§â§à§Ø§Ö. §°§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§ç §ê§Ñ§Ô§à§Ó §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§í§Þ§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó §á§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð 100 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§Ñ§â§Õ§à§Ó §Õ§à§Ý§Ý§Ñ§â§à§Ó §Ó §Ô§à§Õ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§ã§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ, §ã §ä§Ö§Þ §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§ß§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Û§ä§Ú §Ü §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö ?§Ù§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Û? §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ö.