51³Ô¹Ï

§¨§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß§í
§¬§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ñ§ß§Ñ, §¡§ß§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ú §¥§Ö§Ý§Ù§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Þ§à§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §é§Ö§â§ß§à§Ü§à§Ø§Ö§Û §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§Ö§Ø§Ú §¢§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§î §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§å §Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ù§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í.
§¶§à§ä§à:§À§¯§ª§³§¦§¶/§¡§Ý§Ö§ç§Ñ§ß§Õ§â§à §¢§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â

§®§í §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ú §Ó§á§â§Ö§Õ§î ¡ª §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§à §Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û ¡ª §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ý§ð§Ò§í§ç §Ú§Õ§Ö§Û §à §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Þ §á§â§Ö§Ó§à§ã§ç§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ú §ß§Ö§å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§ß§à §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §à§ä §Ù§Ý§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ.

§¡§ß§ä§à§ß§Ú§å §¤§å§ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ê, §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§î §°§°§¯

§£§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Û §Ó§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ú§Ñ§ã§á§à§â§í

§£ §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ô§à§Õ§å §á§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§ß§ñ §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§å§Ö§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ú§ß§Ú§è§Ú§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ö§Û §°§°§¯. §¿§ä§Ñ §Ú§ß§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §³§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §Ú §À§Ø§ß§à§Û §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ô§â§å§á§á§í, §é§î§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ë§Ñ§ä§î. §³ §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §ï§ä§à§Û §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ñ§ä§í §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§à§á§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û§ã§ñ §Ó§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ú§Ñ§ã§á§à§â§í §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §Ú §Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö §æ§à§â§Þ§í §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §Õ§ß§Ú §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§ð§ä §è§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à. §£§ã§Ö §Ý§ð§Õ§Ú §â§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ó §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §Õ§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ç §Ú §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä §á§à§ä§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §Ú §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó. §­§ð§Ò§Ñ§ñ §Õ§à§Ü§ä§â§Ú§ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Ó§à§ã§ç§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à §Ý§à§Ø§ß§à§Û, §Þ§à§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §à§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Û, §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§Û §Ú §à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§Û §Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§ä§î §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§ß§å§ä§Ñ §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §ä§Ö§à§â§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §á§í§ä§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú§ã§ñ §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§ã.

§°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §à§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§å§ð§ã§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§å §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ú §é§â§Ö§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ú§Ý§í §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ú §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§í§Û §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ §Ó §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ç §å§Ô§à§Ý§à§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§ã§å§Õ§Ú§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö. §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§ð §à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ú§Ù §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §Þ§â§Ñ§é§ß§í§ç §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ù§Ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú §Ú §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ú§Ñ§ã§á§à§â§Ö.

§®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ (2015-2024)

§®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ó§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ú§Ñ§ã§á§à§â§í §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§à§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ú§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §Ú §ß§Ö§ä§Ö§â§á§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú, §á§â§à§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§â§Ö§å§ã§á§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ.

§µ§ã§á§Ö§ç§Ú §Ú §Ó§í§Ù§à§Ó§í

2024 §Ô§à§Õ §Ù§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§å§Ö§ä §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §¯§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã, §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§í§Û §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ú §Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ§ç, §Ý§Ú§è§Ñ §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§ð§ä §ã§ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §à§ä §á§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ú §å§ã§å§Ô§å§Ò§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §æ§à§â§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Þ§Ñ§â§Ô§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §à§ä§é§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §£ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §á§ñ§ä§î §Ý§Ö§ä §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §¥§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ, §á§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§ñ COVID-19 §á§â§à§Õ§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ö§à§ä§Ý§à§Ø§ß§å§ð §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ñ§Ó§ß§à §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §Ó §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö §Ù§Õ§â§Ñ§Ó§à§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §°§ä§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ò§Ñ§â§î§Ö§â§à§Ó, §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ§å §Ú §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Þ§å §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ý§Ú§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

2020 §Ô§à§Õ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý §á§à§Ó§à§â§à§ä§ß§í§Þ §á§å§ß§Ü§ä§à§Þ §Ó §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Þ §Ú §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ§ç. §µ§Ò§Ú§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à §¥§Ø§à§â§Õ§Ø§Ñ §¶§Ý§à§Û§Õ§Ñ §á§à§Õ§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§å§Ý§à §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ü §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§í§Þ §Ñ§Ü§è§Ú§ñ§Þ §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §à §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú. 19 §Ú§ð§ß§ñ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §á§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý  §à §á§à§à§ë§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ú §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ú §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä §é§â§Ö§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ú§Ý§í §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§à§Ó. §£ §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ö§Û §£§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ñ§â §°§°§¯ §á§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ .

§£§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §Ó§ã§Ö §é§Ñ§ë§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ð§ä, §é§ä§à §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§í§Û §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§Ó§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à, §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §£ §â§ñ§Õ§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Ö §á§â§à§æ§Ú§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§Ú §á§à §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ö §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §á§à §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§é§Ö§ä§Ñ §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §å§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§î §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ù§â§í§Ó §Ó §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á§Ö §Ü §Ù§Õ§â§Ñ§Ó§à§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð, §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §å§ã§Ý§å§Ô§Ñ§Þ §Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§Þ.

§´§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §â§Ö§ê§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú§ß§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §ã§Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §å§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§±§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Ö §ã§ã§í§Ý§Ü§Ú

§°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§í

  • §²§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú §à §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§ß§ñ §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ []
  • §²§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú §à §±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§Û §á§à §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ []
  • §²§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú §à §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ []
  • §²§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú §à §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ
  • §²§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú §à§Ò §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§ß§ñ §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§Ú §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú
  • §°§Ò§ë§Ñ§ñ §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ ¡í 34 §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ §á§à §Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú
  • §Ú (§£§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §á§à §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ 2001)
  • §¥§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö&²Ô²ú²õ±è; §Ú

§®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§í §Ù§Ñ §Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ö§Ø§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§à 21 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ. §£ §ï§ä§à§ä §Õ§Ö§ß§î §Ó 1960 §Ô§à§Õ§å §á§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ú§ñ §à§ä§Ü§â§í§Ý§Ñ §à§Ô§à§ß§î §Ú §å§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ñ 69 §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü §Ó §ç§à§Õ§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Û§ã§ñ §Ó §º§Ñ§â§á§Ö§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ö, §À§Ø§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Ó §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§Ñ §Ñ§á§Ñ§â§ä§Ö§Ú§Õ§Ñ §à§Ò §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §á§Ñ§ã§á§à§â§ä§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ó §À§¡§².

 

A group of South Africans behind fence separating them from white community.

§£§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä, §é§ä§à §Ó§ã§Ö §Ý§ð§Õ§Ú §â§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ó §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §Õ§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ç §Ú §é§ä§à §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Û §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ó §ß§Ö§Û, §Ò§Ö§Ù §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ò§í §ä§à §ß§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§ñ, §Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§í, §è§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §Ü§à§Ø§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §°§°§¯ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ú §Ú§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó 1945 §Ô§à§Õ§å.

 

illustration of people with clock, calendar, to-do list and decorations

§®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §Õ§ß§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§à§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§à§ã§Ó§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§à§Û §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ, §Ó§í§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §à§Ù§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ó§à§Ý§Ú §Ú §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§à§ã§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §å§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §³§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §Õ§ß§Ö§Û §á§â§Ö§Õ§ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §ß§à §°§°§¯ §Ó§à§ã§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Þ§à§ë§ß§í§Û §Ú§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §à §ä§Ö§ç §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§ç. §µ§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î §à §Õ§ß§ñ§ç §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ù§Õ§Ö§ã§î.