???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ????????. ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????. ??? ???? ?????? ??????. ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????. ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??????. ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????.
????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????. ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????. ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????. ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? 2016 ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? "???? ???? ???? ??????".1 "????" ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? "???????? ??????? ???????? [...] ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????". 2 ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? (SIDS). ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????. ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????.
????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ????? 14 ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? 2030. ?????? ????? 14 ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? "??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????". ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????.
??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? 14? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????????. ?? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? (MPAs) ???? ???? ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????.
??????? ?? ??? 2004? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? "????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????". ??? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????. ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????.
??? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????.
??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????. ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????.
??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????. ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????. ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????. ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????.
???? ??? ???? ????: ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????. ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? 2030 ???? ??????????. ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? 14 ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????.??
?
???????
1?? ??? ??????/Dan Laffoley? ???? ?. ??????/John M. Baxter? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????: ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? (Explaining Ocean Warming: Causes, Scale, Effects and Consequences)
? (Gland, Switzerland, International Union for Conservation of Nature, 2016)? ?. 8. ????? ?? ??????: .
2?????????? ????? ? 50.
