51³Ô¹Ï

§¥§à§Ø§Õ§Ú §Ó §¬§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú ¨C §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö, §Ô§Õ§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Þ§Ö§ë§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ê§ä§Ñ§Ò-§Ü§Ó§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§â§Ñ §±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§à §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ö (§À§¯§¦§±), ¨C §á§â§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ð§ä §à§Ò§ê§Ú§â§ß§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§í §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ó §Ù§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§í§Û, §á§Ý§à§Õ§à§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §â§Ñ§Û. §¯§à §Ó §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ã§Þ§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§à§ß §Õ§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§Û §Þ§í §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§ã§ñ §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ã §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ç§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã §å§â§à§Ø§Ñ§Ö§Þ, §ß§à §Ú §ã §ß§Ñ§Ó§à§Õ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §ß§Ñ§ß§à§ã§ñ§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §ä§ñ§Ø§Ö§Ý§í§Û §å§ë§Ö§â§Ò §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §Ú§ß§æ§â§Ñ§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§Ö. §¿§ä§Ñ §ä§Ö§ß§Õ§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §ß§à§ã§Ú§ä §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â, §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §é§Ñ§ë§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§í. §²§Ö§é§î §Ú§Õ§Ö§ä §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §à §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ç§Ñ§ç, §ß§Ñ§Ó§à§Õ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §Ú §ß§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§ñ§â§ß§í§ç §à§ã§Ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ§ç, §á§â§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§ç §Ü §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§à§Ó§Ö§â§ç§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ §Ú §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ §Ô§â§å§ß§ä§à§Ó§í§ç §Ó§à§Õ. §®§í §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö§Û §Ú§ã§á§Ñ§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Ü§à§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ä§Ñ§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ.

§°§ä §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§ñ§ä §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §Ù§Õ§à§â§à§Ó§î§Ö §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û, §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú, §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö, §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §â§à§ã§ä §Ú §á§â§à§è§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ. §±§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §á§à §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ§å §á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §á§Ú§ë§Ú §Ú §Ó§à§Õ§í, §é§ä§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ã§ä §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §ß§Ñ§Ô§â§å§Ù§Ü§å §ß§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§í §Ú §ß§Ñ§ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ä §å§ë§Ö§â§Ò §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ö.

§¬§Ý§ð§é§Ö§Ó§í§Þ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §à§Ò§à§ã§ä§â§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§ñ§Õ§å §ã §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ò§Ú§à§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ.

§²§Ö§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú§ç §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ§ç

§°§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à §à§ä§í§ã§Ü§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ò§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§å§ð §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§å §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ç §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§à§Ó. §£ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §â§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ë§Ö§Û §å§â§Ò§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ó§à§Õ§à§ã§ß§Ñ§Ò§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §é§â§Ö§Ù§Ó§í§é§Ñ§Û§ß§à §å§ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Þ§í§Þ§Ú §Ü §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §ª§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ü 2050 §Ô§à§Õ§å 685 §Þ§Ý§ß §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü, §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §é§Ö§Þ §Ó 570 §Ü§â§å§á§ß§í§ç §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ§ç, §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§å§ä§ã§ñ §ã §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ §Ü §á§â§Ö§ã§ß§à§Û §Ó§à§Õ§Ö §ß§Ñ 10 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó. §¯§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §¡§Þ§Þ§Ñ§ß (§ª§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ), §¬§Ö§Û§á§ä§Ñ§å§ß (§À§Ø§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ) §Ú §®§Ö§Ý§î§Ò§å§â§ß (§¡§Ó§ã§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ñ), §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§å§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ §Ü §ß§Ö§Û §ß§Ñ 30¨C49 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó. §¥§à§ã§ä§å§á §Ü §á§â§Ö§ã§ß§à§Û §Ó§à§Õ§Ö §Ó §³§Ñ§ß§ä§î§ñ§Ô§à, §¹§Ú§Ý§Ú, §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §é§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ 50 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó¹. §¯§Ñ§Þ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §á§à§Ó§í§ã§Ú§ä§î §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Õ§í, §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ä§î §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§í §á§â§Ú §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú §ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ú§ß§æ§â§Ñ§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§í, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§å §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú§ç §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ó§à§Õ§í.

§±§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §Ó§Ö§â§à§ñ§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ó §Ò§Ý§Ú§Ø§Ñ§Û§ê§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í §Ó§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§Ö§ä §à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ñ §á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó §Ú §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§á§â§à§ã§à§Þ, §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ö §ß§Ñ§Õ §å§ä§Ö§é§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Þ§à§Õ§Ö§â§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ú§ß§æ§â§Ñ§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§í. §£ §ä§à §Ø§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ß§Ñ§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§é§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§ß§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§Ñ §à§ã§Ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó, §à§Ò§å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§â§Ö§ß§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í, §Ó§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §é§Ö§Ô§à §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §à§ã§Ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó §Ó§ã§Ö §é§Ñ§ë§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ý§Ú§Ó§ß§Ö§Ó§à§Û §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §ã§à§é§Ö§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ã §ß§Ñ§Ó§à§Õ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ².

§±§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ §ã§ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §å§ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú§ç §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ, §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ ?§ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û? §Ú ?§Ù§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Û? §Ú§ß§æ§â§Ñ§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§í §Ú §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§â§Ú§Ö§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§Ñ. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§Ú §Ù§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §Ú §æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§ß§à-§Ò§à§Ý§à§ä§ß§í§ç §å§Ô§à§Õ§Ú§Û, §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§å §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§à§Ó §à§ä §å§â§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ß§à§Ó §Ú §ß§Ñ§Ó§à§Õ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §á§à§Ô§Ý§à§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ù§Ò§í§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§í §Ú §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ó§Ö§â§ç§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ §Ù§Ñ §ã§é§Ö§ä §Ú§ß§æ§Ú§Ý§î§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã §à§Õ§ß§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó §Ù§Ñ §ã§é§Ö§ä §æ§Ú§Ý§î§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§à§Ô§Ý§à§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§Ú§à§Ô§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Ù§Ñ§Ô§â§ñ§Ù§ß§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ó§Ö§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó.

§©§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ñ §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ó§à§Õ§í ¨C §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§Ó§Ö§â§ç§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§í§ç, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §á§à§Õ§Ù§Ö§Þ§ß§í§ç ¨C §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §ï§ä§Ú§ç §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§å§Ô §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ä§î §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §Ø§Ö §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§ß§æ§â§Ñ§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§í §ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Õ§í, §Õ§Ý§ñ §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ë§Ú§ç §á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§ñ§â§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Ô§à §á§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ §Ó§à§Õ§à§ã§ß§Ñ§Ò§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§²§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ§ç, §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§ä§î §Þ§ß§à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§Ö§Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó

§£§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§ß§à-§Ò§à§Ý§à§ä§ß§í§ç §å§Ô§à§Õ§Ú§Û, §á§â§Ú§Ò§â§Ö§Ø§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ñ§ß§Ô§â§à§Ó§í§ç §Ý§Ö§ã§à§Ó §Ú §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §á§à§Û§Þ ¨C §ï§ä§à §é§â§Ö§Ù§Ó§í§é§Ñ§Û§ß§à §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Ö, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ§ç §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§í §Ü §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ü §ã§Þ§ñ§Ô§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §µ§Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ñ§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§í §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Þ§í §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§Ö§Þ §á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §ï§ä§Ú §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§Ô§Ý§à§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §å§Ô§Ý§Ö§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ó§á§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ó§í§Ò§â§à§ã§í §á§Ñ§â§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§í§ç §Ô§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó³. §£ §ä§à§â§æ§ñ§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ç §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§ä§ã§ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§å§Þ, §Ó§Õ§Ó§à§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §å§Ô§Ý§Ö§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §é§Ö§Þ §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ý§Ö§ã§Ñ§ç §©§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú⁴, §Ñ §Ó §á§à§é§Ó§Ñ§ç §Þ§Ñ§ß§Ô§â§à§Ó§í§ç §Ý§Ö§ã§à§Ó ¨C §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 6 §Þ§Ý§â§Õ §ä§à§ß§ß §å§Ô§Ý§Ö§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §ï§ä§Ú §Ý§Ö§ã§Ñ §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§é§Ö§ä§Ó§Ö§â§à §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §å§Ô§Ý§Ö§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §é§Ö§Þ §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §Ý§Ö§ã§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§å§ê§Ö⁵.

§£ §ã§à§Ó§à§Ü§å§á§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ï§ä§Ú §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§í §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í §Ü§Ñ§Ü §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ§ç (§²§°§±§¶), §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ü §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§Þ§ñ§Ô§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ô§à §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û, §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §à§â§Ú§Ö§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§ß§í§ç §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ. §¿§ä§Ú §Þ§Ö§â§í §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§å§ð §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §À§¯§¦§± §Ó §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö⁶.

§£ §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §À§¯§¦§± §Ú §±§â§à§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§å §²§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ö §¬§à§ß§Ô§à §Ú §¥§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §²§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ö §¬§à§ß§Ô§à §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ö §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í §á§à §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ö §Ú §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§Þ§å §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ä§à§â§æ§ñ§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ò§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö, §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ñ§Þ, §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ü§â§å§á§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§Þ §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§à§Þ §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ä§â§à§á§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§à§â§æ§ñ§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó, §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î §â§Ñ§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§à§Þ §ã §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§ð. §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Þ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §Ó §ß§Ö§Þ §å§Ô§Ý§Ö§â§à§Õ§Ñ §ï§Ü§Ó§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§ä§Ö§ß §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Þ§å §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Þ§å §Ó§í§Ò§â§à§ã§à§Ó §á§Ñ§â§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§í§ç §Ô§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó §Ù§Ñ §Õ§Ó§Ñ §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ⁷, §Ú §ï§ä§Ú §Ô§Ñ§Ù§í §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §Ó§í§Ò§â§à§ê§Ö§ß§í §Ó §Ñ§ä§Þ§à§ã§æ§Ö§â§å §Ó §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö §Õ§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §à§ã§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§à§â§æ§ñ§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ñ§ß§ä§â§à§á§à§Ô§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§à§Ó §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ç§Ú.

§¿§ä§Ñ §Ü§â§å§á§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§â§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ó§à§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §à§ä§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §å§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ò§Ú§à§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§Ö§Û§ê§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û, §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ó §ß§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§î§ñ§ç §â§Ö§Ü§Ú. §°§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ§ç §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§ß§à-§Ò§à§Ý§à§ä§ß§í§ç §å§Ô§à§Õ§Ú§Û, §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§Ö§ê§Ö§Ó§Ý§Ö §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Û, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §Ó§í§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §à§ä§â§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú §ã §ä§à§é§Ü§Ú §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û^8,9. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §à§ß§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Þ §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §á§â§Ö§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ö§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä§Ñ §Ú§ß§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§è§Ú§Û §Ó §Ú§ß§æ§â§Ñ§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§å, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç. §¯§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ§ç, §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§ã§â§à§é§ß§í§Û §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á §Ü §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö §Ú §Ý§Ñ§ß§Õ§ê§Ñ§æ§ä§Ñ§Þ, §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§Þ§í§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û. §£§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó, §é§ä§à §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §å§ã§å§Ô§å§Ò§Ú§ä§î §Ü§à§ß§Ü§å§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ð §Ù§Ñ §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §à§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §Ú §ä§Ö§ç §Ø§Ö §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ú §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó §Õ§Ý§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §é§ä§à §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §á§â§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ü §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ß§Ö§à§á§ä§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §Ú §Õ§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ. §ª§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î §ï§ä§å §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ§ç.

§µ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §á§à §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ö §ã §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ

§±§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§â §á§à §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ü §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §ã§Þ§ñ§Ô§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ö§Ô§à §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §á§â§Ú §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó ¨C §ï§ä§à §Ò§Ö§ã§á§â§à§Ú§Ô§â§í§ê§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö. §¿§ä§Ú §Þ§Ö§â§í §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§Þ§å §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á §Ü §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§Û §á§Ú§ä§î§Ö§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Õ§Ö §Ú §ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§Ñ§â§ß§í§Þ §å§ã§Ý§å§Ô§Ñ§Þ. §°§ß§Ú §á§â§ñ§Þ§à §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§å §ã §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ü§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §°§ß§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §¸§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ (§¸§µ§²), §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §è§Ö§Ý§Ú, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ô§à§Ý§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ò§Ö§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ù§Õ§â§Ñ§Ó§à§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ß§Ö §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§ñ §å§Ø§Ö §à §¸§µ§² 6 ¨C §è§Ö§Ý§Ú, §ß§Ö§á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§à§ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§Ñ§Þ¹⁰.

§£ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ò§í§Ý §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß ?§ã§å§á§Ö§â§Ô§à§Õ§à§Þ? §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§í, §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §á§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Ú §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§å§ð§ä §ã§Ó§à§Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö §Ó§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§í §Ó §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §µ §ß§Ñ§ã §Ö§ã§ä§î §å§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§ä§î §Ú §å§ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§í §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§í, §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ú §Ó§à§Õ§à§ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö, §à§Ò§à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§à§Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §á§à§Ó§í§ã§Ú§ä§î §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î §Ü §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§ä§î §Ù§Õ§à§â§à§Ó§î§Ö §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ §Ú §ã§ß§Ú§Ù§Ú§ä§î §â§Ú§ã§Ü §Ò§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û, §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ã §Ó§à§Õ§à§Û. §¢§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ §Þ§Ö§â§Ñ§Þ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §¸§µ§², §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §ã §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú, ¨C §Ú §ß§Ö§á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§é§Ú §á§à §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §â§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§Ñ (§Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§é§Ñ 6.5 §¸§µ§²)11 ¨C §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ð§ä §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à, §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §à§ä§â§Ñ§ã§Ý§ñ§ç §Ú §ã §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§ã§â§à§é§ß§à§Û §á§Ö§â§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§à§Û¹².

§®§í §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§Þ §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §Ø§Õ§Ñ§ä§î. §²§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §á§à§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§í §Ó §è§Ö§ß§ä§â §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§à§Ó §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û. §£ §ç§à§Õ§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú ??¹³ §Þ§í §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §ã§Ó§à§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ù§Õ§Ö§ã§î §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§í§Ô§â§Ñ§ä§î §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Û. §£ §á§à§Ó§ã§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Þ§í §Ó§ã§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§î §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í, §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§ð §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó. §®§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §Ò§í§ã§ä§â§í§Û §Õ§å§ê §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í. §®§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§Þ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ü§â§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§à§Õ§å §Ú§Ù §Ü§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Þ§à§Ö§Þ §â§å§Ü§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §é§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Þ §Ù§å§Ò§í, §Ú §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §ã§Þ§Ö§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ú §å§ß§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ù§í, §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§ä§î §Ó§à§Õ§å. §£§Ñ§Ø§ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§à§Ö§Þ§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§à§Õ§å§Ü§ä§à§Ó §Ú §å§ã§Ý§å§Ô, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ü§â§Ñ§ã§ß§à§Ö §Þ§ñ§ã§à, §ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§à§ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§á§à§â§ä. §¯§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §Þ§í §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §Þ§ï§â§í §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§à§Ó §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§î §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§å §á§à§ä§Ö§â§î §Ó§à§Õ§í §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §ß§Ö§ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§ß§Ñ§Ò§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç 50 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó; §ã§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§à§é§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ö §Ú §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ, §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§ñ§ë§Ú§ç §à§ä §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó; §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á §Ü §Ó§à§Õ§Ö. §ª §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Þ§í §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ú§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ä§î §ï§ä§Ú §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ, §Þ§í §ã§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§Þ §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ç §å§ã§á§Ö§ç§à§Ó §Ó §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ö §á§â§Ö§ã§ß§à§Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ, §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ, §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ã §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ.

§±§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ

¹C40 Cities, ¡°Restoring the flow¡±, 2020. URL: (§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ ¨C 13 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ).?

²Hessam Tavakol-Davani and others, "How does climate change affect combined sewer overflow in a system benefiting from rainwater harvesting systems?", Sustainable Cities and Society, Vol 27 (July 2016), p.p. 430-438.
URL: .

³§®§Ö§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ ?§°§°§¯ ¨C §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§í?, ?§ª§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §Ó§à§Õ§Ñ?, §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ù§Ñ§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ (§¨§Ö§ß§Ö§Ó§Ñ, §â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ü§è§Ú§ñ §à§ä §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2019 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ). URL: .

⁴International Union for Conservation of Nature, "Peatlands and climate change", Issues Brief (Gland, November 2017). URL: ).

⁵Global Mangrove Alliance and others, "Coastal wetlands and mangroves: a natural climate solution pathway to climate change", A joint submission to the Talanoa Dialogue (2018). URL: .

⁶51³Ô¹Ï Environment Programme, "UNEP, IUCN to launch new € 20m programme on ecosystem-based adaptations", Press release Ecosystems and biodiversity (Nairobi, 21 January 2020).
URL: .

⁷Greta C. Dargie and others, "Age, extent and carbon storage of the central Congo Basin peatland complex",? Nature, vol. 2, No. 542 (7639) (2017), pp. 86-90.
URL:?.

⁸Sandra Naumann and others, ¡°Nature-based approaches for climate change mitigation and adaptation. The challenges of climate change - partnering with nature¡± (Bonn, German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, 2014).
URL: .

⁹51³Ô¹Ï World Water Assessment Programme and UN-Water, The 51³Ô¹Ï World Water Development Report 2018: Nature-Based Solutions for Water (Paris, UNESCO, 2018).
URL: .

¹⁰51³Ô¹Ï World Water Assessment Programme and UN-Water, The 51³Ô¹Ï World Water Development Report 2020: Water and Climate Change (Paris, UNESCO, 2020). URL: .

¹¹Global Water Partnership, ¡°Accelerating IWRM monitoring and implementation in 60+countries¡±, 11 March 2020. URL: .

¹²Global Water Partnership and Overseas Development Institute, The Untold Story of Water in Climate Adaptation, Part II: 15 Countries Speak, Synthesis Report (Stockholm, Global Water Partnership, 2019).
URL: .

¹³§¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§å§ð §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §à §£§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Þ §Õ§ß§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó §ã§Þ. §ß§Ñ §Ó§Ö§Ò-§ã§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §®§Ö§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ ?§°§°§¯ - §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§í?: .