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§±§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ

1. §£§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§Ñ§Þ§Ò§å§Ý§Ñ.

2. Beth A. Simmons,?Mobilizing for Human Rights: International Law in Domestic Politics?(Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2009), pp.?332; 337¡ª348.

3. 51³Ô¹Ï, Treaty Series, vol. 993, No. 14531, Art.2(1).

4. Philip Alston and Gerard Quinn, ¡°The nature and scope of States Parties¡¯ obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights¡±,?Human Rights Quarterly, vol. 9, No. 2 (May 1987), pp. 156¡ª229.?

5. 51³Ô¹Ï, Treaty Series, vol. 1577, No. 27531, Art. 1.

6. 51³Ô¹Ï Children¡¯s Fund (UNICEF),?The State of the World¡¯s Children 2016, Report (New York, 2016), p.?vi. Available from?.

7. 51³Ô¹Ï Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), ¡°Levels and trends in child mortality,¡± Report 2015, (New York, UNICEF, September 2015), p.?3. Available from?.

8. 51³Ô¹Ï Children¡¯s Fund,?The State of the World¡¯s Children 2016, p.?12.

9.?Ibid.

10. World Health Organization (WHO), Global and regional immunization profile. 18 November 2016. Available from? Health Organization (WHO), WHO-UNICEF estimates 2015 revision, for 194 WHO Member States. Available from? Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects, the 2015 Revision. The twenty-fourth round of official 51³Ô¹Ï population estimates and projections. Available from (accessed 17 January 2017); §ï§ä§Ú §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ §ã§Ý§Ñ§Û§Õ§Ö ¡°Progress and challenges with achieving universal immunization coverage: 2015 estimates of immunization coverage: WHO/UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (Data as of July 2016)¡±, prepared by Immunization Vaccines and Biologicals, (IVB), World Health Organization. Available from?.

11. 51³Ô¹Ï Children¡¯s Fund, ¡°Malaria kills 1,200 children a day: UNICEF¡±, Fact Sheet, 23 April 2015. Available from?.

12. Ibid.

13. 51³Ô¹Ï Children¡¯s Fund,?The State of the World¡¯s Children 2016, p.?3;?51³Ô¹Ï Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), ¡°Levels and trends in child mortality,¡± p.?3.?

14. 51³Ô¹Ï Children¡¯s Fund, ¡°Strengthening community and primary health systems for TB: a consultation on childhood TB integration¡±?(New York, 2016), p.?3. Available from?(Web).pdf.

15. 51³Ô¹Ï Children¡¯s Fund,?The State of the World¡¯s Children 2016, p.?10; 51³Ô¹Ï Children¡¯s Fund,?Committing to Child Survival: A Promise Renewed, Progress report 2015 (New York, 2015), p.?35. Available from?

16.?51³Ô¹Ï Children¡¯s Fund,?The State of the World¡¯s Children 2016, p.?5; World Health Organization,?Quantitative Risk Assessment of the Effects of Climate Change on Selected Causes of Death, 2030s and 2050s?(Geneva, 2014), p.?13. Available from?.

17.?51³Ô¹Ï Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), ¡°Levels and trends in child mortality,¡± p.?24; 51³Ô¹Ï Children¡¯s Fund,?The State of the World¡¯s Children 2016, p.?10.

18. World Health Organization, Mortality, morbidity and disability in adolescence, Health for the world¡¯s adolescents: a?second chance in the second decade. An interactive online report. 2014. Available from? Joint 51³Ô¹Ï Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), ¡°Ending the AIDS epidemic for adolescents, with adolescents: a practical guide to meaningfully engage adolescents in the AIDS response (Geneva, 2016), p.?2. Available from?.

19. Ibid, p.?6.

20. §¶§à§ß§Õ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ (§À§¯§¶§±§¡),??§¬§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§ä §à§ä §Õ§Ö§Ó§à§é§Ü§Ú §Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §â§Ö§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Þ §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö: §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ó 2016 §Ô§à§Õ§å??(§¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü, 2016), §ã.?32. §¥§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à §á§à §Ñ§Õ§â§Ö§ã§å: .

21. 51³Ô¹Ï Population Fund (UNFPA),?Marrying Too Young: End Child Marriage,?Report (New York, 2012), p.?10. Available from? §¶§à§ß§Õ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ (§À§¯§¶§±§¡), , §ã. 33.

22. The Lancet Commissions, ¡°Our future: a?Lancet?commission on adolescent health and wellbeing¡±,?The Lancet, vol. 387, No. 10036 (May 2016), pp. 2423-2478 (2430). Available from?(16)00579-1.pdf.?§¶§à§ß§Õ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ (§À§¯§¶§±§¡),?, §ã. 33.

23. 51³Ô¹Ï Population Fund (UNFPA),?Girlhood, Not Motherhood: Preventing Adolescent Pregnancy?(New York, 2015), p.?7. Available from? 51³Ô¹Ï Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects, the 2015 Revision. The twenty-fourth round of official 51³Ô¹Ï population estimates and projections. Data Query.?Available from?(accessed 17 January 2017).

24.?§¶§à§ß§Õ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ (§À§¯§¶§±§¡), , §ã. 24;?World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory visualizations, Adolescent health: mortality and DALYs in adolescents by WHO region, 2000 and 2012, aged 10-19 years. 2016. Available from?(accessed 22 June 2016).?

25.?§¶§à§ß§Õ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ (§À§¯§¶§±§¡),?, §ã.?34;?The Lancet Commissions, ¡°Our future: a?Lancet?commission on adolescent health and wellbeing¡±,?The Lancet, vol. 387, No. 10036 (May 2016), pp. 2423-2478.

26. World Health Organization, School and youth health, School health and youth health promotion: facts. 2017. Available from?(accessed 17 January 2017); Office of the Secretary-General¡¯s Envoy on Youth, #YouthStats, ¡°Substance abuse¡±. Available from (accessed 20 December, 2016); World Health Organization, ¡°Fact sheet on adolescent health¡±, July 2015. Available from?.
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