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§£ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§Ó§à§Ö 75-§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Ö, §Þ§Ú§â §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ò§Ö§ã§á§â§Ö§è§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§ß§à§Þ§å §á§à §ã§Ó§à§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §Ó§í§Ù§à§Ó§å: §á§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§ñ COVID-19 §å§Ô§â§à§Ø§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Ú §Ó §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Þ §å§Ô§à§Ý§Ü§Ö §©§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú. §¬§Ñ§Ü §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ, §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ü§â§Ú§Ù§Ú§ã§à§Ó §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§í§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§å§ð §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§î §ß§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§ð §å§ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Þ§í§ç §ã§Ý§à§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §³§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§Ö, §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ó§ã§á§à§Þ§ß§Ú§ä§î §ï§ä§Ñ§á§í §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ú §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß§Ñ §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ó§à§á§Ý§à§ä§Ú§Ý §Ó §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ó§í§ã§ê§Ú§Ö §è§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û.

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§¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§á§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ý §ß§Ñ§Þ: "§±§à§Ü§Ñ §Ó §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ú§ë§Ö§ä§Ñ, §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à, §ß§Ú§Ü§ä§à §Ú§Ù §ß§Ñ§ã §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä§î, §ã§Ý§à§Ø§Ñ §â§å§Ü§Ú".

"§£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú§Û §Ó§í§Ù§à§Ó §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ñ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã: §å§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ, §é§ä§à §Þ§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§Þ §Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ñ, §Þ§Ú§â §Ú §á§â§à§è§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ö§à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ó§ã§ð§Õ§å".

§ª§Ù §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß§Ñ §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§í §Ü §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ö §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û (3 §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1994 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ)

§¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ, §Ó§Ú§è§Ö-§á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ, §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §³§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Þ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ñ§á§Ñ§â§ä§Ö§Ú§Õ§Ñ §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö. §¿§ä§à §Ö§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Ö §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯/§±§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§Ü§Ñ §³§å§Õ§ç§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß (22 §Ú§ð§ß§ñ 1990 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ)

§¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä §À§Ø§ß§à§Û §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ú, §Ó§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ó §Ù§Ñ§Ý §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ñ §Ö§Ö §á§ñ§ä§î§Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä §ä§â§Ö§ä§î§Ö§Û §ã§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú. §²§ñ§Õ§à§Þ §ã §ß§Ú§Þ ¡ª §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ú§Ü §³§Ý§å§Ø§Ò§í §á§â§à§ä§à§Ü§à§Ý§Ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §¯§Ñ§Õ§ñ §À§ß§Ö§ã. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯/§¿§Ó§Ñ§ß §º§ß§Ñ§Û§Õ§Ö§â (21 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1998 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ)

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"§®§Ú§â ¡ª §ï§ä§à §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §à§ä§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Û§ß; §Þ§Ú§â ¡ª §ï§ä§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í, §Ô§Õ§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §á§â§à§è§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö, §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à §à§ä §â§Ñ§ã§í, §è§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §Ü§à§Ø§Ú, §å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§Ú, §á§à§Ý§Ñ, §Ü§Ý§Ñ§ã§ã§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§ã§ä§í §Ú §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Ô§à §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Ô§à §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ"

¡ª §Ú§Ù §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß§Ñ §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§í §á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ §£§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§Ó§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §à §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §Ú §ß§Ö§ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ú, §¯§î§ð-§¥§Ö§Ý§Ú, §ª§ß§Õ§Ú§ñ (31 §ñ§ß§Ó§Ñ§â§ñ 2004 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ).

§£ 1945 §Ô§à§Õ§å §á§à §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§â§å§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §£§ä§à§â§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §ã §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Û §Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û ¡ª §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§ñ§Ö§ä §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§å§ð §Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ð, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ú §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§à§Ó; §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§Ñ§Þ §Ó §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§Ö §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Ô§à §å§â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ; §Þ§Ú§â§à§ä§Ó§à§â§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à; §Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ú §á§â§à§è§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ.

§²§å§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú§Ù §®§ß§à§Ô§à§á§â§à§æ§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§à §ã§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §®§Ñ§Ý§Ú (§®§ª§¯§µ§³§®§¡) §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß§í §Ú §Õ§Ö§ä§Ú §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §á§Ñ§ä§â§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §¤§Ñ§à, §®§Ñ§Ý§Ú. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯/§®§Ñ§â§Ü§à §¥§à§â§Þ§Ú§ß§à (15 §Þ§Ñ§ñ 2014 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ)

§®§Ú§â§à§ä§Ó§à§â§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ú§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó, §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ §Ó §á§â§Ö§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§å§ä§Ú §à§ä §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ §Ü §Þ§Ú§â§å. §³ 1948 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß §Ú §Þ§å§Ø§é§Ú§ß §Ú§Ù §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §é§Ö§Þ 120 §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Þ§Ú§â§à§ä§Ó§à§â§è§Ö§Ó §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §¦§Ø§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ó§ß§à §à§ß§Ú §Ó§ß§à§ã§ñ§ä §ã§Ó§à§Û §Ó§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §Ó §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã, §á§â§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §å§ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Þ§í§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö.

§£ §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ù§Ñ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ, §à§Ù§Ñ§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ "§®§Ú§â§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ", §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó §Ü §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ú, §Õ§Ú§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§Ñ §Ú §á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§à§Ó §Ö§ë§Ö §Õ§à §Ú§ç §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §é§ä§à §ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä §á§â§Ö§Ó§Ö§ß§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§å§ð §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó §è§Ö§ß§ä§â §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú.

 

§¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ, §Ò§å§Õ§å§é§Ú §Ü§à§à§â§Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ §Ó §¢§å§â§å§ß§Õ§Ú, §á§à§ã§Ö§ë§Ñ§Ö§ä §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§â§à§Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §¢§å§â§å§ß§Õ§Ú. §±§à §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ô-§ß §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ (§Ó §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ö) §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ó§ã§ä§â§Ö§é§å §ã §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ§Ú §³§®§ª §â§ñ§Õ§à§Þ §ã §Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯/§¿§ã§Ü§Ú§ß§Õ§Ö§â §¥§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ò§Ö (29 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2000 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ)

§©§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä§Ö §Ý§Ú §Ó§í, §é§ä§à ...

24 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2018 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§í§Ö §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§í §ã§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ§â§ß§à§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ §á§à§Õ §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ "§³§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ú§ä §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ó §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§î §à §¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß§Ö §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö". §£ §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú ¨C §á§à§é§ä§Ú 100 §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó, §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§í, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó-§é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §Ú §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ ¨C §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú §±§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §à§ß§Ú §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ß§Ñ§â§Ñ§ë§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §á§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à, §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Ô§à, §á§â§à§è§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à, §Ú§ß§Ü§Ý§ð§Ù§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú §Ò§Ö§ã§á§â§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ, §à§ä§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Õ§Ñ§ß§î §å§Ó§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ §Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §À§Ø§ß§à§Û §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å. §£ §±§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ 2019¨C2028 §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó §Ò§í§Ý §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß §¥§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ó §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§î §à §¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß§Ö §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö, §é§ä§à §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §Õ§Ñ§ß§î§ð §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§Ú §Ô-§ß§å §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §Ù§Ñ §Ö§Ô§à §ã§Þ§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ó§ã§Ö§á§â§à§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ö§Ô§à §Ó§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §Ó §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§å §Ù§Ñ §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ð §Ú §á§â§à§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§í §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö.

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"§°§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ý§ð§Õ§ñ§Þ §Ó §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ ¨C §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä §ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §á§à§Õ §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§å §Ú§ç §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î"

¨C §¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Þ §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §¬§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó, §£§Ñ§ê§Ú§ß§Ô§ä§à§ß, §à§Ü§â§å§Ô §¬§à§Ý§å§Þ§Ò§Ú§ñ (26 §Ú§ð§ß§ñ 1990 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ)

"§£§í§Ù§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ò§â§à§ã§Ñ§ð§ä §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö 50 §Ý§Ö§ä §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §£§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ú §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Ö, §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §à§ß§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §á§à§Þ§à§é§î §ã§æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î, §ã§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §ã§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ý§Ú §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §Ó §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ä§Ö, §Ü§ä§à §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§à§Ó, §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Þ§å§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Þ§í §ß§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ö§è §á§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ô§å§Þ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §Þ§Ú§â, §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§Û §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Þ §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§Þ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö 1948 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ".

§¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã 50-§Û §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó§ë§Ú§ß§à§Û §£§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ (21 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1998 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ)

Main de Nelson Mandela et d¡¯un b¨¦b¨¦. Photo?: Fondation Nelson Mandela/Peter Moray

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18 §Ú§ð§Ý§ñ 1918 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß §²§à§Ý§Ú§ç§Ý§Ñ§ç§Ý§Ñ §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §â§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §®§æ§Ö§Ù§à, §À§Ø§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ.
1944 §Ô§à§Õ §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ã§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å §Ü§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§å (§¡§¯§¬).
1944 §Ô§à§Õ §£§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã§à §ã§Ó§à§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §®§à§Ý§à§Õ§Ö§Ø§ß§å§ð §Ý§Ú§Ô§å §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ (ANCYL).
1948 §Ô§à§Õ §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ú§Ù§Ò§â§Ñ§ß §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§Ö§Þ ANCYL.
1952 §Ô§à§Õ §¯§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §Ü§Ñ§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú "Defiance" ¨C §Ñ§Ü§è§Ú§Û §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§á§à§Ó§Ú§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§ç §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Ó.
§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§å §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ð§ä §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ó§à§Ý§à§ß§ä§Ö§â§à§Þ-§â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú.
1956 - 1961 §Ô§à§Õ§í §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù 156 §à§Ò§Ó§Ú§ß§ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §ß§Ñ §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§Ö §á§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§å §à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö.
21 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ 1960 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §²§Ñ§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ó §º§Ñ§â§á§Ö§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ö, §Ó §ç§à§Õ§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û 69 §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü ¨C §Þ§å§Ø§é§Ú§ß, §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß §Ú §Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Û ¨C §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §å§Ò§Ú§ä§í §Ú §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 200 §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§í. §£§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §é§â§Ö§Ù§Ó§í§é§Ñ§Û§ß§à§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §Ñ§â§Ö§ã§ä§à§Ó§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 18 §ä§í§ã§ñ§é §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç. §¡§¯§¬ §Ù§Ñ§á§â§Ö§ë§Ö§ß, §Ú §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §å§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ó §á§à§Õ§á§à§Ý§î§Ö.
1961 §Ô§à§Õ §¶§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§â§í§Ý§Ñ §¡§¯§¬ "§µ§Þ§Ü§à§ß§ä§à §Ó§Ö §ã§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö" ("§¬§à§á§î§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú") §ã §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§à§Û §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Ü§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à.
1962 §Ô§à§Õ §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§à§Ö§Ù§Õ§Ü§Ú §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú §á§à§ã§Ö§ë§Ñ§Ö§ä §¦§Ó§â§à§á§å.
5 §Ñ§Ó§Ô§å§ã§ä§Ñ 1962 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ö§ã§ä§à§Ó§Ñ§ß §Ù§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§Û §Ó§í§Ö§Ù§Õ §Ú§Ù §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ú §á§à§Õ§ã§ä§â§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ü §Ù§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ö, §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß §Ó§Ú§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß §Ü §á§ñ§ä§Ú §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ §Ý§Ú§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§í.
§ª§ð§Ý§î 1963 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §¡§â§Ö§ã§ä §Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§à§Ó §¡§¯§¬ §Ó §²§Ú§Ó§à§ß§Ú§Ú. §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ì§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §à§Ò§Ó§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.
12 §Ú§ð§ß§ñ 1964 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß §Ü §á§à§Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §à§ä§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ä§â§à§Ó §²§à§Ò§Ò§Ö§ß (§á§à§Ù§Õ§ß§Ö§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß §Ó §ä§ð§â§î§Þ§å §±§à§Ý§Ý§ã§Þ§å§â, §Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ ¨C §Ó §ä§ð§â§î§Þ§å §£§Ú§Ü§ä§à§â §£§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ö§â).
1985 §Ô§à§Õ §¯§Ñ §æ§à§ß§Ö §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§í§ç §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§à§Ó §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Ñ§á§Ñ§â§ä§Ö§Ú§Õ§Ñ §¡§¯§¬ §ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §ã §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§à§Þ.
§¶§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§î 1990 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß §Ú§Ù §ä§ð§â§î§Þ§í.
1993 §Ô§à§Õ §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß §¯§à§Ò§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ö§Û §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ (§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §¶.§£. §Õ§Ö §¬§Ý§Ö§â§Ü§à§Þ).
27 §Ñ§á§â§Ö§Ý§ñ 1994 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §±§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §Ó §À§Ø§ß§à§Û §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§í §á§â§Ú §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §â§Ñ§ã §ã §á§à§Ý§ß§í§Þ §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Þ, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §¡§¯§¬ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ô§à§Ý§à§ã§à§Ó.
10 §Þ§Ñ§ñ 1994 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §Ó §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ú§Ù§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §À§Ø§ß§à§Û §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §ï§ä§à§ä §á§à§ã§ä §Ó 1999 §Ô§à§Õ§å §á§à §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§â§à§Ü§Ñ.
5 §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2013 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §¯§Ö§Ý§î§ã§à§ß §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §«§à§ç§Ñ§ß§ß§Ö§ã§Ò§å§â§Ô§Ö §Ó §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö 95 §Ý§Ö§ä.