51³Ô¹Ï

§¶§Ú§Ý§î§Þ§í

 

 

?§¯§Ö§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§í§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ | §¬§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§í §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ? | §¹§ä§à §Ó§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä§Ö §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ý§à§Õ§Ö§ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ? 

§¯§Ö§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§í§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Õ§ã§ä§â§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ð§ä §Ü §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ð §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§â§å§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §ß§Ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à. §£ §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú §Õ§ß§Ú §Ú§ç §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§í §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§à§Ó§í§ç §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Û §Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ã§Ö§ä§Ö§Û §Õ§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú, §é§ä§à §ß§Ö§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§í§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ã§Ö§ä§Ú §ª§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ö§ä §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§à§Ó §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Õ§Ö§Û, §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ú §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ð. 

§³§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§ß§Ú§Ü §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ô§Ö§ß§à§è§Ú§Õ§Ñ §¿§Ý§Ú§ã §¯§Õ§Ö§â§Ú§ä§å §á§â§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â§í §á§â§Ö§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §ß§Ö§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§í§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö, §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §à §ä§à§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§å§ð §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú§ß§è§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ã §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú. 

§°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §Õ§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ú§Û §à§á§í§ä §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §ß§Ö§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§Ú §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Ô§à §â§à§Õ§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§í §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ. §£§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§í§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ñ§ç §ä§Ö§Ü§å§ë§Ö§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û ¨C §à§ä §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§í §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§à §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ, §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ö§ß§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ú §Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Û §Ú §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§Ö§Ø§Ú. 

 

 

?§ª§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ: §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §å§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§è§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§è§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â§ñ §¡§å§ê§Ó§Ú§è-§¢§Ú§â§Ü§Ö§ß§Ñ§å (1940¨C1945)?

§£ §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö 70-§Û §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó§ë§Ú§ß§í §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ú §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §£§ä§à§â§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ñ §á§â§à§ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú ?§·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä §Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û? §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§å, §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§å§ð §à §ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§è§Ü§à§Þ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Þ §Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â§Ö §Ú §Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â§Ö §ã§Þ§Ö§â§ä§Ú §¡§å§ê§Ó§Ú§è-§¢§Ú§â§Ü§Ö§ß§Ñ§å §Ú §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ã §ß§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§ç; §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ñ §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ñ §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ù §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§Ó§Ñ §ª§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§ä§Ñ §Ó§Ú§Ù§å§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ú §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §¶§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §º§à§Ñ. §±§ñ§ä§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§å§ä§ß§í§Û §æ§Ú§Ý§î§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ð §ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü §Ú§Ù §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ñ §å§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â§ñ §Ú §ã§à§Ý§Õ§Ñ§ä §¬§â§Ñ§ã§ß§à§Û §¡§â§Þ§Ú§Ú, §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç §Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â§î 27 §ñ§ß§Ó§Ñ§â§ñ 1945 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §¶§Ú§Ý§î§Þ §ã §ã§å§Ò§ä§Ú§ä§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ§ç §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ò§í§Ý §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß §ß§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ñ§ç, §á§â§à§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç §Ó §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö §Ú §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§à§Þ §â§ñ§Õ§Ö §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§å §Þ§Ú§â§å, §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ó §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ã §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û.

 

 

 

§µ§é§Ö§Ò§ß§í§Û §æ§Ú§Ý§î§Þ ?§±§å§ä§î §Ü §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ô§Ö§ß§à§è§Ú§Õ§å?

§±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ñ §á§â§à§ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú ?§·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä §Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û? §ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à §ã §®§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Þ§å§Ù§Ö§Ö§Þ §·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§Ñ §Ó §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§Ñ§ç §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§Ö§á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í §ß§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ§ç §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û: §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Þ, §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ, §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ, §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§à§Þ, §â§å§ã§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ú §Ú§ã§á§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ. §¶§Ú§Ý§î§Þ ?§±§å§ä§î §Ü §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ô§Ö§ß§à§è§Ú§Õ§å? §Ò§í§Ý §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß §®§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Þ§å§Ù§Ö§Ö§Þ §·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§Ñ §Ó §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§Ñ§ç, §Ñ §ã§å§Ò§ä§Ú§ä§â§í §Ü §ß§Ö§Þ§å ¡ª §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§à§Û §á§â§à§ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú ?§·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä §Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û?. §£§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã§à §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö§Û §Ú §ç§â§à§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Û §·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§Ñ DVD §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß §Ó §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§Ö§ä§Ú §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§à§Ó §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §å§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ó§ã§á§à§Þ§à§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §å§é§Ñ§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §ã §ä§Ö§Þ§à§Û §·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§Ñ. §ª§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§ñ §â§Ö§Õ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Õ§â§í, §æ§Ú§Ý§î§Þ §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§Ö§ä §Ù§Ñ§â§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §Ü§à§ß§ã§à§Ý§Ú§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ó §¤§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú, §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ú§Õ§Ö§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§ð §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §á§â§à§á§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ß§Õ§å, §á§â§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó. §¶§Ú§Ý§î§Þ §á§â§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§å§ä§î, §á§à §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ§å §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ã§ä§í §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ü §Ó§à§Û§ß§Ö §Ú §ã §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §å§ß§Ú§é§ä§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§í §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û. §±§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ñ §Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ú§Û §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù §à §·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§Ö §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ç, §ï§ä§Ñ §Ý§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ù§Ñ§Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ú §à§Ò§ã§å§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§à§Ý§Ú §à§Ò§í§é§ß§í§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û, §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §ã 1918 §á§à 1945 §Ô§à§Õ.

§¶§Ú§Ý§î§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§Ù§â§à§ã§Ý§à§Û §Ñ§å§Õ§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §ß§à §ã §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §æ§â§Ñ§Ô§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Ú §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§í§Ö §Ù§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú. 

§³§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §æ§Ú§Ý§î§Þ§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í§Þ §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ §ë§Ö§Õ§â§à§Û §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ö §Õ-§â§Ñ §¥§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§Õ§Ñ §Ú §³§î§ð §·§Ö§ç§ä, §¶§à§ß§Õ§å §¢§Ö§â§ß§Ú§ã §Ú §®§Ú§Ý§ä§à§ß§Ñ §³§ä§Ö§â§ß, §¶§à§ß§Õ§å §­§å§Ú §Ú §¤§Ö§ß§â§Ú§Ö§ä§ä§í §¢§Ý§Ñ§å§ã§ä§Ñ§Û§ß §Ú §³§Ö§Þ§Ö§Û§ß§à§Þ§å §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§ä§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å §æ§à§ß§Õ§å §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §®§ï§Û.

 

 

 

§µ§é§Ö§Ò§ß§í§Û §æ§Ú§Ý§î§Þ ?§³§Ý§Ö§Õ§í §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ä §Ü §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö?

§µ§é§Ö§Ò§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í ?§³§Ý§Ö§Õ§í §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ä §Ü §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö? §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §á§Ý§Ñ§ß §å§â§à§Ü§Ñ §Ú §æ§Ú§Ý§î§Þ, §ä§Ö§Þ§à§Û §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§Õ§ß§à §Ú§Ù §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ä§â§Ñ§Ô§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú§Ù§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§Ñ ¡ª §à§Ò§å§Ó§î §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó, §á§à§Ô§Ú§Ò§ê§Ú§ç §Ó §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â§ñ§ç §ã§Þ§Ö§â§ä§Ú. §¸§Ö§Ý§î §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ ¡ª §Ù§Ñ§Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ó §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§Ñ. §³ §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§Û §Ú §Ò§Ö§ã§Ö§Õ, §ä§à§Ý§é§Ü§à§Þ §Ü §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§ñ§ä§ã§ñ ?§à§Ò§í§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö? §á§â§Ö§Õ§Þ§Ö§ä§í §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Û §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú, §å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §ã§Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ø§Ö §à§ë§å§ä§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î §ã §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ú§ç §ã§å§Õ§î§Ò§à§Û. §¢§Ö§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §á§Ö§âe§Û§ä§Ú §à§ä §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ü §ä§Ö§Ü§å§ë§Ú§Þ §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ú §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â§Ñ§Þ §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ó §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú §Õ§ß§Ú. §µ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §á§â§Ú§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ñ§ð§ä §Ù§Ñ§Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §à§Ò §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §ã§å§ë§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ú §à §ä§à§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §à§ß§Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §á§à§Þ§à§é§î §Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§â§Ñ§ã§ã§å§Õ§Ü§à§Ó §Ó §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö. §£ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ §å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ã§Ú§Þ§Ó§à§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ§í §ß§Ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ý§à§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ö §ñ§â§Ü§à §â§Ñ§ã§Ü§â§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä§î §à§Ò§í§é§ß§å§ð §à§Ò§å§Ó§î. §¿§ä§à §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §á§â§à§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ó §Ú§ß§Õ§Ú§Ó§Ú§Õ§å§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ô§â§å§á§á§à§Ó§à§Þ §æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö, §Ú §à§ß§à §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§ä §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Þ§å §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§å §á§à-§ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ§å §ã§Ú§Þ§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ö§á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §Ô§â§å§á§á§í.

§®§Ö§ä§à§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í §Ü §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§å ?§³§Ý§Ö§Õ§í §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ä §Ü §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö? §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§Ý §±§à§Ý §³§ï§Ý§Þ§à§ß§ã, §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ú§Ü §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ú §å§é§Ö§Ò§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í §±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§Ñ §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ. §¸§Ö§Ý§î ¡ª §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§à§â§ã§Ü§å§ð, §ã§Ü§à§à§â§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§å§ð §Ó §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ö §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§å, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§å§ð §ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§ç §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§à§Þ§à§é§î §å§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ §Ó §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Þ §á§â§Ö§á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§Ö§Þ§í §·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§Ñ.  §°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§é§Ñ ¡ª §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ä§î §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§å §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ö§á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §·§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ó§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ò§Ö§Ù§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§Ö§Ù§Õ§ß§à §á§â§Ö§á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §ê§Ü§à§Ý §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ú.