51³Ô¹Ï

 
Left: A Hibakusha; one of the survivors of the atomic bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. UN Photo/Paulo Filgueiras - Right: The Hiroshima explosion recorded at 8.15 a.m. 6 August 1945 on the remains of a wrist watch. UN Photo/Yuichiro Sasaki

§°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ

, §Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§å§ß§Ü§ä 3 §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú VIII, §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Ö §á§ñ§ä§î §Ý§Ö§ä, §Ú §ï§ä§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú-§å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ .

§¯§Ñ §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§¯§Á§° §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ-§å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ä §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ç§à§Õ§Ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §ã 2015 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ó §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à, §ß§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§ß§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §ß§Ñ §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §à §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §ß§Ö §å§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§é§î §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ñ §á§à §â§ñ§Õ§å §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ §©§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ.

§¥§¯§Á§° §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ï§á§à§ç§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Þ, §è§Ö§Ý§î §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §ã§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§â§å§Ø§Ö§Û§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Û, §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ú §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Ô§à  §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §¥§¯§Á§° §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§Û §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§Þ §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ö§Þ, §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§Ó§à§ð §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â §Ò§í§Ý §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó 1968 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ú §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §Ó 1970 §Ô§à§Õ§å. §³ §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §¥§¯§Á§° §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ü§â§Ñ§Ö§å§Ô§à§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Þ§ß§Ö§Þ §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§Ñ §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ. , §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §á§ñ§ä§î §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó, §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§Þ §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä §¥§¯§Á§° §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§Þ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§ª§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ


§³ §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §ï§â§í §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó 1945 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ §Ó §·§Ú§â§à§ã§Ú§Þ§Ö §Ú §¯§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ü§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§à §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §é§ä§à §Ó §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§ä§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ä§î §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ú §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í §ß§Ñ §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ. §±§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Ó §ç§à§Õ§Ö §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ã§Ú§Û §á§à §ä§Ö§Þ§Ö §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §±§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §á§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §á§â§Ú §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ñ§ç §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á §Ü §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í §Ó 1946 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §ß§à §ß§Ö §å§Ó§Ö§ß§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §å§ã§á§Ö§ç§à§Þ §Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§í §Ó 1949 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §¬ §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §º§ä§Ñ§ä§í §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú §Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ú§Û §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §³§à§ð§Ù §å§Ø§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§Ñ§ë§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ú §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§ã§í.

§£ §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ñ§Ò§â§Ö 1953 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §¥§å§Ñ§Û§ä §¥. §¿§Û§Ù§Ö§ß§ç§Ñ§å§ï§â §ß§Ñ §Ó§à§ã§î§Þ§à§Û §ã§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §ã §Ú§ß§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§à§Û "§¡§ä§à§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ" §Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§å§ð §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ð, §á§â§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§å§ð §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§ç §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Û §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à-§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§Û§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§ä§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó §ß§à§Ó§í§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç. §¦§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§à §Ü §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ó 1957 §Ô§à§Õ§å §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ñ§Ô§Ö§ß§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§à §Ñ§ä§à§Þ§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú (§®§¡§¤§¡§´§¿), §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§à§Ù§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ñ §Õ§Ó§à§Û§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§é§Ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ð §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Û §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §ß§Ú§Þ§Ú. §£ 1958 §Ô§à§Õ§å §®§¡§¤§¡§´§¿ §á§â§Ú§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý§à §Ü §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú. §£ 1964 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§Ñ§Ý§í§ç §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Ó, §Ó§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ó 1961 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§à§Û, §à§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ü§â§å§á§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ü§Ú, §Ú §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ñ §ã §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §à§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ä§Ú§á§à§Ó §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§ç §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§à§Ü (INFCIRC/66 §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ñ§ß§ä§í). §£ §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §à §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ñ§ç §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ (§á§å§ß§Ü§ä 4 §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú Iii) §Ò§í§Ý§à §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ß§à §³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §Ó§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ñ§ç (INFCIRC/153) §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Û ?§Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§å §Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§ß§à§Þ§å §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å §â§Ñ§ã§ë§Ö§á§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Þ§å§ã§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§å §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §¤§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §á§à§Õ §Ö§Ô§à §ð§â§Ú§ã§Õ§Ú§Ü§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Û §á§à§Õ §Ö§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ô§Õ§Ö  §Ò§í §ä§à §ß§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§à, §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ã §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§â§Ü§Ú §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý §ß§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ö §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§Ö §Ó§Ù§â§í§Ó§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ?. §£ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í §Ó §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Û §á§à §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Û §®§¡§¤§¡§´§¿ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §®§¡§¤§¡§´§¿ §Ó §Þ§Ñ§Ö 1997 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§Ý §´§Ú§á§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §á§â§à§ä§à§Ü§à§Ý (INFCIRC/540). §£ §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §¥§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §á§â§à§ä§à§Ü§à§Ý §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §Ó §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ó 136 §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§ç.

§£ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §à§Ò§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó 1957 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ú §Ó §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ö 1960-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §á§à §ï§ä§à§Û §ä§Ö§Þ§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ä§ß§à §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î. §¬ §ã§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö 1960-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó §ã§æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §é§Ö§ä§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§Ö §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ, §á§â§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§Ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ß§à§â§Þ§í §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §Ü 1968 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§Ñ §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ, §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ã§ä §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §Ú §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §£ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö X §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §Õ§Ó§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§î §á§ñ§ä§î §á§Ö§ä §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Ñ §ã§Ú§Ý§å §ã§à§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§î §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ý§Ú §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ñ §ã§Ú§Ý§Ö §Ò§Ö§ã§ã§â§à§é§ß§à §Ú§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§ä§î §á§â§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§à §ß§Ñ §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§í §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú. §³ §å§é§Ö§ä§à§Þ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à, §Ó §Þ§Ñ§Ö 1995 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §à §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §á§â§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ ¡ª §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù §Ô§à§Ý§à§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §Ò§Ö§ã§ã§â§à§é§ß§à§Þ §á§â§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Ú §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú, §é§ä§à §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §à§Ò§Ù§à§â§å §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§Ö§ä §Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Ö §á§ñ§ä§î §Ý§Ö§ä.

§±§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã §à§Ò§Ù§à§â§Ñ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§¯§Á§°


§³§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §Ó 1970 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Ö §á§ñ§ä§î §Ý§Ö§ä §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ. §¯§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §á§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ö§Û §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§å §ç§à§Õ§Ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Ú §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Þ§Ö§â §á§à §Ö§Ô§à §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Þ§å §å§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð. §¯§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ§ç §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Ó 1975, 1985, 2000 §Ú 2010 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §©§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í §Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§ß§ã§å§ã§à§Þ, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ó 1980, 1990, 1995, 2005 §Ú 2015 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §à§ß§Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§í §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ú. §°§ä§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§ß§ã§å§ã§Ñ, §Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ò§í§Ý§à §à§Ò§å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§Þ §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ö§Þ, §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú VI (§ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö), §â§Ñ§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §á§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§Ö §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ú §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ, §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§Þ §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ö§Þ, §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ, §ß§Ö §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§Þ §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ö§Þ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú 1995 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ö §Ù§à§ß§í, §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §à§ä §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Ó§Ú§Õ§à§Ó §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §å§ß§Ú§é§ä§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ 1995 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §á§â§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§¯§Á§° §á§â§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Õ§Ó§Ö §è§Ö§Ý§Ú: §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §à§Ò§Ù§à§â §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §Ö§Ô§à §á§â§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú. §·§à§ä§ñ §Ó §ç§à§Õ§Ö §à§Ò§Ù§à§â§Ñ §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §ß§Ö §å§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó§í§Û§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§ß§ã§å§ã, §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ-§å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §ã§Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù §Ô§à§Ý§à§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §è§Ö§Ý§í§Û §á§Ñ§Ü§Ö§ä §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §£ §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §ï§ä§Ú§ç §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§í: a) §ï§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§í, §á§â§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Þ§å §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ, b) §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§í §Ú §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, c) §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §Ò§Ö§ã§ã§â§à§é§ß§à§Þ §á§â§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ §á§à §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§å.

§¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ 2000 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §á§â§à§Õ§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ß§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §à§Ò§Ù§à§â§Ñ §Ú §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§Ú §á§à§Õ§à§ä§é§Ö§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ-§å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ ?§ß§Ö§Ù§í§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ? §Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à §Ö§Ô§à §Ò§Ö§ã§ã§â§à§é§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Ý§à§ß§Ô§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú. §£§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §Ù§Ñ 15 §Ý§Ö§ä §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ-§å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §å§ã§á§Ö§ê§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ú§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §©§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §ã §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§à§Û §ç§à§Õ§Ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Ù§Ñ §á§â§à§ê§Ý§í§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§í, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ý§Ú §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à §â§ñ§Õ§å §Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§Ó§í§ç §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç.

§£ §©§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ñ §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §â§à§Ý§î §¥§¯§Á§° §Ó §á§â§Ú§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ§ç §á§à §å§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§Ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Þ§Ö§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§à§Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ß§Ñ§ê§Ý§Ú §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§ß§ã§å§ã§à§Þ §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ú, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ñ§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Ó §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ. §¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§à§Ö §ã§à§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§ç §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ó§Ù§â§í§Ó§à§Ó, §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó 1998 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ª§ß§Õ§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §±§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Þ, §Ó §¥§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ö §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §ß§à§Ó§í§Þ§Ú §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §ß§Ö §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§Þ §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ö§Þ, §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à §à§ä §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ §Ú§ç §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§ä§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ñ.

§±§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Þ §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§Þ§á§â§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§à§Ó §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §¥§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §â§ñ§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ê§Ñ§Ô§à§Ó, §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §Ó §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Û §á§à §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú VI §¥§¯§Á§°. §£ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ-§å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§â §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ö§â§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ. §£ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §ê§Ñ§Ô§à§Ó, §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ë§Ú§ç §Ü §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Þ§å §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð, §é§Ñ§ë§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §å§á§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§Õ§Ó§å§ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à, §Ó§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§Þ §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ö§Þ, §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Û §Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§í§ç §Ñ§â§ã§Ö§ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó.

§·§à§ä§ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ-§å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ 2005 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §ß§Ö §ã§Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§å§Ò§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Û §Ú§ä§à§Ô§à§Ó§í§Û §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä, §à§ß§Ú §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó §á§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ã§Ú§ñ§ç §á§à §è§Ö§Ý§à§Þ§å §â§ñ§Õ§å §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó. §¿§ä§à§ä §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä §à§Ò§å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ö §á§â§Ú§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§é §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó §á§â§à§ê§Ý§à§Þ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §Ó §ä§à§Þ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§í§ç §ß§Ñ §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ§ç 1995 §Ú 2000 §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó.

§¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú 2010 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §å§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§Ý§Ñ§ß §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §Ú§Ù 64 §á§å§ß§Ü§ä§à§Ó, §à§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û §ä§â§Ú §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§Þ§á§à§ß§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ (§ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç), §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§å§ð §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§ð §á§à §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§å.

§¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ 2015 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §ß§Ö §ã§Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§å§Ò§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Û §Ú§ä§à§Ô§à§Ó§í§Û §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä, §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Û §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å §à §á§å§ä§ñ§ç §á§â§à§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §Ó §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú 1995 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§å. §´§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ-§å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §á§Ö§â§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Û §Õ§Ú§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô §á§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §ä§â§Ö§Þ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§á§à§ß§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Þ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ, §Ó §ä§à§Þ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ò§ã§å§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í §á§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§¯§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Ü §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§¯§Á§°

§£ §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §ã §Þ§Ñ§ñ 2017 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §Þ§Ñ§Û 2019 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §±§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §¥§¯§Á§° §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Ý §ä§â§Ú §ã§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú. §¬§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ó §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§í§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ô§à §à§Ò§Ù§à§â§ß§à§Ô§à §è§Ú§Ü§Ý§Ñ, §±§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§à§ã§Ó§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ö §Ü §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§Ý §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§í, §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ú §á§å§ä§Ú §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Ô§à §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ö§Ô§à §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §£ §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ü§à§ß§ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§Ö §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§ä§à§Ô§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§í§Õ§å§ë§Ú§ç §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Û §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ, §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ð §á§à §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§å, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§Ö §Ó 1995 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§ñ, §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã §ä§à§é§Ü§Ú §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ, §Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§Ý §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§í §Ü §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ï§ä§Ú§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú §Þ§Ö§â§í §á§à §Ú§ç §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§Ó §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ.

§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ó§ã§Ö §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú §á§â§à§è§Ö§Õ§å§â§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§í §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §Ö§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §á§à§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ü§å §Õ§ß§ñ. §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §á§â§à§è§Ö§Õ§å§â§í, §Õ§Ñ§ä§å §Ú §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§ñ, §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§é§ß§å§ð §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §ä§â§Ö§ç §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú. §³§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à, §±§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ §¤§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ I §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §¤§â§å§á§á§í §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§ã§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó ¡ª §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ, §Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §±§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î §ä§â§Ö§ä§î§Ö§Û §ã§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §±§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ (§®§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§Û§Ù§Ú§ñ); §±§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ §¤§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ II ¡ª §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §¤§â§å§á§á§í §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §£§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§à§Û §¦§Ó§â§à§á§í, §Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §±§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Û §ã§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §±§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ (§±§à§Ý§î§ê§Ñ), §Ñ §±§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ §¤§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ III ¡ª §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §¤§â§å§á§á§í §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§í§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó, §Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §±§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Û §ã§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §±§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ (§¯§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ý§Ñ§ß§Õ§í). §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ý §à§ä§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§î §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §Õ§à §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §à§Ò§Ù§à§â§å.

§°§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§à§Û §Ó 2000 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð, §±§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä §Ó§ã§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ú §Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§ß§ã§å§ã§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ö§Ô§à §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §à§Ò§Ù§à§â§å. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ú §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§å §á§â§Ú§Û§ä§Ú §Ü §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ð §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §ß§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§à§ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§à §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û.

§°§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§¯§Á§° §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ú§ä §â§ñ§Õ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü: §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ; §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í; §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §å§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Û; §Þ§Ö§â§í §á§à §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ð §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ñ§Õ§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú; §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö; §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú 1995 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§å; §Þ§Ö§â§í §á§à §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ó§í§ç§à§Õ§Ñ §Ú§Ù §¥§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ; §Þ§Ö§â§í §á§à §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Þ§å §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ §à§Ò§Ù§à§â§Ñ;  §á§å§ä§Ú §á§à§à§ë§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §ã §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ó §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §å§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§à§â§Þ §¥§¯§Á§° §Ú §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ð §á§â§à§ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ; §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ô§Ö§ß§Õ§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î.

View of the general assembly hall.

§±§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Ö §ã§ã§í§Ý§Ü§Ú