51³Ô¹Ï

?

?§µ§Ò§Ú§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à §­§Ý§à§Û§Õ§Ñ §·§à§Ò§Ò§ã§Ñ, §ð§ß§à§ê§Ú §Ú§Ù §ç§à§â§à§ê§Ö§Û §ã§Ö§Þ§î§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ù§Ñ§â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ §Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó §ê§Ü§à§Ý§Ö, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §ã§à§ã§Ö§Õ§Ö§Û, §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §Ó§á§Ö§é§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §é§ä§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §ß§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ §ß§Ö §ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ú §Ô§â§à§ê§Ñ?.

?§®§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ö §Ó §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö, §±§à§Ý§ß§í§Û §à§ä§é§×§ä §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú, §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Þ§ï§â§à§Þ §­§Ñ §¤§å§Ñ§â§Õ§Ú§Ö§Û §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó §Ó §¤§Ñ§â§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ö 19 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ 1935 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ?, §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü, §¡§â§ß§à §±§â§Ö§ã§ã §Ú ?????????§¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü §´§Ñ§Û§Þ§ã, 1969.

?

§µ§Ò§Ú§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à §¥§Ø§à§â§Ø§Ñ §¶§Ý§à§Û§Õ§Ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ §®§Ú§ß§ß§Ö§Ñ§á§à§Ý§Ú§ã§Ñ, §ê§ä§Ñ§ä §®§Ú§ß§ß§Ö§ã§à§ä§Ñ, §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§à§ê§Ö§Õ§ê§Ö§Ö 25 §Þ§Ñ§ñ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ò§í§Ý§à §ß§Ö§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ú§Þ§à §á§à §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Ó§Ù§â§í§Ó §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§å §Þ§Ú§â§å. §£§à§ä §å§Ø§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§î §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß §ð§Ø§ß§à§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §®§Ñ§ß§ç§ï§ä§ä§Ö§ß§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §ã§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§à§é§Ö§ß§í §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §à§ç§Ó§Ñ§é§Ö§ß §Ó§à§Ý§ß§à§Û §ß§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§Û. §£ §ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ñ§ã§ß§à, §é§ä§à §ß§Ñ§Ü§à§á§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §Ú §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§à §å§Ü§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §à§ë§å§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ë§×§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§í§á§Ý§Ö§ã§ß§å§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ß§Ñ§â§å§Ø§å, §Ú §é§ä§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§á§â§Ö§Õ§î §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§î §é§â§Ö§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§ß§à§Þ§å §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã§Ú§Ý§í, §à§ä§ñ§Ô§à§ë§×§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §á§â§Ö§Õ§â§Ñ§ã§ã§å§Õ§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §ß§Ö§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§î§ð.

§±§â§à§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §á§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §â§à§ã§Ý§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ô§â§Ú§Ò§í, §ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ö§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Þ§Ú§Þ§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§Ý§à§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §æ§Ñ§ß§Ö§â§à§Û §Ó§Ú§ä§â§Ú§ß, §ã§ä§Ñ§â§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §å§ã§á§Ö§ä§î §á§à§á§Ñ§ã§ä§î §Õ§à§Þ§à§Û §Õ§à §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§ß§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §é§Ñ§ã§Ñ. §¯§Ñ§á§â§ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §å§Ý§Ú§è§Ñ§ç §á§à§â§Ñ§Ø§×§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§í§Þ§Ú §Ó§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Þ§Ö§Ô§Ñ§á§à§Ý§Ú§ã§Ñ §â§à§ã§Ý§à, §Ó§í§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §å §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §ß§Ö§á§â§Ö§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ú§Þ§å§ð §ä§â§Ö§Ó§à§Ô§å, §á§à§ä§Ö§â§ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §Ô§ß§Ö§Ó. §±§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§í §ß§Ñ §Ó§à§Ý§ß§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§ñ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§í §à §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ñ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §á§à §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Û §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §Ó §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§ç §ä§â§å§Õ§Ñ§ç, §Ó§à§Ù§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §Ü §ï§ä§à§Û §ä§Ö§Þ§Ö §Ý§Ú§Ò§à §ã §á§à§Õ§Ú§å§Þ§Ñ §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§å§Õ§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û, §Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Ó §é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ç §Ò§Ú§Ò§Ý§Ú§à§ä§Ö§Ü §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ. §´§Ö§á§Ö§â§î §Ø§Ö §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§ß§í§ç §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Õ§Ö§Ý§à §ã §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §ï§Þ§à§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ó§í§Ý§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Þ§Ú§ã§ñ §Ó §Ò§å§â§ß§í§Ö §å§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§í. §ª §Ó§ã§× §Ø§Ö §ñ §â§Ö§ê§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ-§ä§à §ê§ä§å§Õ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ã§à §ã§ä§å§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ñ§ã§î, §é§ä§à §à§ß§Ú §á§à§Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Þ§ß§Ö §Ý§å§é§ê§Ö §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü §Þ§â§Ñ§é§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §ß§Ö§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§×§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §á§â§Ú§ã§å§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §è§Ñ§â§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Þ§å §Ó §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ö §ç§Ñ§à§ã§å.

§°§Õ§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô §Ú§Ù §ã§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §é§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ã§ä§Ñ§â§à§Þ §å§é§Ö§Ò§ß§à§Þ §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ §Þ§à§× §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§Ó§Ú§Õ§å §ã§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Û§ã§ñ §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ ?§¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ§Þ§Ñ: §ß§Ö§Ô§â§Ú§ä§ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Ú §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ñ? (1944) ¨C §Þ§à§ß§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ä§â§å§Õ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ú §á§à §ã§Ö§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î §à§ã§ä§Ñ§×§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ú§ã§é§Ö§â§á§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ú§ã§è§Ú§á§Ý§Ú§ß§Ñ§â§ß§í§Þ §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§×§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§Ñ§ç.? §°§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ù§Ñ §Ô§à§Õ §Õ§à §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §µ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§×§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §³§Ñ§ß-§¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ã§Ü§à, §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ §á§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§à§Ù§Ó§å§é§ß§Ñ §ã §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ§ê§ß§Ö§Ô§à §Õ§ß§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§í §ã §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö, §á§à §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§Þ §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §³§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§ñ §°§°§¯ §¡§ß§ä§à§ß§Ú§å §¤§å§ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ê§Ñ, §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ý§à §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ ?§Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ó§à §Ó§ã§×§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §â§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ë§å§ð §å§Ô§â§à§Ù§å §Õ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ô§à?.

§£ §ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â§à§Þ §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §¬§à§â§á§à§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §¬§Ñ§â§ß§Ö§Ô§Ú §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö, §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ý§Ñ§å§â§Ö§Ñ§ä §¯§à§Ò§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ú, §ê§Ó§Ö§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ä §Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§à§Ý§à§Ô §¤§å§ß§ß§Ñ§â §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§î, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ý §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Þ §Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §à§ä§Ó§Ö§é§Ñ§Ý §Ù§Ñ §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ü§å §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§ä§é§×§ä§Ñ, §Ó §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §è§Ö§Ý§à§Ô§à §â§ñ§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú §ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §å§é§×§ß§í§ç, §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§ç §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ñ§ç. §°§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù §ß§Ú§ç §Ò§í§Ý §Õ§à§Ü§ä§à§â §²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¥§Ø§à§ß§ã§à§ß §¢§Ñ§ß§é, §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Û §ã§Ü§à§â§Ö§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Û §Ñ§æ§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ö§è, §å§Õ§à§ã§ä§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §¯§à§Ò§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ, §Ò§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§ñ§ë§Ú§Û §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä, §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ§å §Õ§Ö§Ý§å §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§Û, §Ú §â§Ö§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§í§Û §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§ß§Ú§Ü. §¤§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§à §Ó §Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ö§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ñ§Ü§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§â§å§Ô§à§Ó §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ§Ñ §ã §Ö§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ý§å§Ô§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ñ §Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ñ, §à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§ç §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ç §Ó§Ö§â§à§Ý§à§Þ§ß§å§ð §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§å §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§í §Ù§Ñ§Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à §Õ§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ §£§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §Ó §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §à§ß §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö. §°§á§Ö§â§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ó§à§× §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §¢§Ñ§ß§é §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý §à§Ò §à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §æ§Ñ§ê§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Õ§Ö§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ó §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö, §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §à§ã§å§Õ§Ú§Ó §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§å§ð §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§Õ§Ó§Ö§â§Ú§Ú §£§ä§à§â§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í. §°§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ñ 75 §Ý§Ö§ä §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ó§í§ç§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §ã§Ó§Ö§ä ?§¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ§Þ§í? §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §Ô§à§Õ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ö§× §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§×§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §Ó§Ö§â§ß§å§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü §â§Ñ§ß§ß§Ú§Þ §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ñ§Þ §¢§Ñ§ß§é§Ñ §Ó§í§ß§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§í §ß§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§Ö§Ö §à§Ò§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ö§ñ§ä§î, §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§ñ §¤§å§ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ê§Ñ, ?§Ú§Ý§Ý§ð§Ù§Ú§ð §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §Þ§í §Ø§Ú§Ó§×§Þ §Ó §á§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ã§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö?.

§³§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§á§Ñ§Õ, §Ú §Þ§í §ã§ä§à§Ú§Þ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §Ý§Ú§è§à§Þ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§â§Ú§Ù§Ú§ã§Ñ, §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ§í §¢§Ñ§ß§é§Ñ §à §â§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú§ß§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§å §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ö§Ý§î§Ù§ñ §Ü§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à?§Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§í §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ã§Ý§à§×§Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§á§Ú§â§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§í §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Þ§í §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §à§ä§ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§î §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä§å §Ö§ë§× §Ý§å§é§ê§Ö.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§å§â§à§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ü 117-§Û §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó§ë§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§à §Õ§ß§ñ §â§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§Ñ §¢§Ñ§ß§é§Ñ, §Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §à§ä§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Õ§Ñ§ß§î §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à§Þ§å §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ð, §Ó§ã§ð §ã§Ó§à§ð §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Þ§å§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §Ú §Ô§å§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ. §±§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§î §à §ß§×§Þ §Ø§Ú§Ó§×§ä §á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à ?§Ó §ß§Ö§å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ö §á§à §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ö §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §Ó §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§â§Ú§Þ§à§Û §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §æ§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ?.¹

§£ 1934 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ó §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö §ä§â§Ú§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§Ú §à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §¢§Ñ§ß§é §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ú§Ý §Õ§à§Ü§ä§à§â§ã§Ü§å§ð §Õ§Ú§ã§ã§Ö§â§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§ð, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §®§à§Ý§à§Õ§à§Û §å§é§×§ß§í§Û §á§â§à§Ó§×§Ý §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø§Ö, §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§í §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó §©§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§à§Û §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ö, §Ô§Õ§Ö §à§ß §ã§à§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§Ý §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý. §¯§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ú§Ù §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ§à§Ó, §Ü §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §à§ß §á§â§Ú§ê§×§Ý, §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §Õ§Ú§ã§ã§Ö§â§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û, §á§à§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ñ§ä §Ó§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §à§ä§á§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §ä§à§é§Ü§à§Û §Ó §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç, §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ §¬§Ñ§â§ß§Ö§Ô§Ú, §á§à§â§å§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§ð. §°§ß§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§à§Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §¢§Ñ§ß§é§å §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§à§Þ §Ü §á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§à§Ý§Ú §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§à§ä§Ó§à§â§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §ã §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§à§Þ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§à§Þ §Õ§Ö§Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú. §°§á§í§ä §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §á§à§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ö§ë§× §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ø§Ö §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ù§Ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §à§ß §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý §ã §ð§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ö§ä. §£ 1936 §Ô§à§Õ§å §¢§Ñ§ß§é §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ò§â§à§ê§ð§â§å §á§à§Õ §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §±§à§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§í, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§Ö §à§Ò§à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§Ú, §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ñ, §é§ä§à §Ö§× §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§á§â§Ö§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §è§Ñ§â§ñ§ë§Ú§ç §Ó §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§â§Ñ§ã§ã§å§Õ§Ü§à§Ó. §¢§Ñ§ß§é §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý, §é§ä§à §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§Ö §Ü§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§à§â§Ú§Ú §á§à §ã§å§ä§Ú §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î ¡°§Õ§Ý§ñ §à§ä§Ó§à§Õ§Ñ §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ù¡± §à§ä §á§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó §Ó §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö, §Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü ¡°§Ü§Ñ§Þ§å§æ§Ý§ñ§Ø, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §á§â§Ú§Ü§â§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§é§Ñ§Û§ê§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ü§ã§á§Ý§å§Ñ§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ?.²?§²§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ó§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ, §á§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §¢§Ñ§ß§é§Ñ, ?§ß§Ö§ã§×§ä §Ó §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §å§Ô§â§à§Ù§å §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§å §Ú §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Þ§å §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ§å?. §²§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Ö §å§Ô§ß§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §á§à§Õ §ê§ä§í§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Ó, §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§à §á§â§Ú§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö ?§à§ä§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§í§ç? §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó §Ü ?§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Þ §è§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú?, §Ó§à §Ú§Þ§ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ú§ç ?§á§â§Ú§ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú§ã§ñ §å §ß§Ú§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§à§Þ?. §±§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §ß§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§å§ð §ß§Ú§é§ä§à§Ø§ß§å§ð §ä§à§Ý§Ú§Ü§å §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ù§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ?.³?§¢§Ñ§ß§é §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ§ã§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ô§ß§×§ä§Ñ §Ú §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Û §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§à §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§ç §ã§ä§Ö§â§Ö§à§ä§Ú§á§à§Ó, §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö §Ó§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§é§×§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í.⁴?§£ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ §Ò§í §á§Ý§Ñ§é§Ö§Ó§ß§à§Þ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §Õ§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ô§â§å§á§á, §à§ß§Ú §ä§Ö§ê§Ñ§ä §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ý§ð§Ù§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à ?§ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Ó§à§ã§ç§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ?, §á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ñ, §é§ä§à §Ú§Þ §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ú§Ú.⁵

§´§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ù§Ô§Ý§ñ§Õ§í §¢§Ñ§ß§é§Ñ §ß§Ñ §á§à§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§í §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ü §ä§à§Þ§å §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§å, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §à§ß §á§â§Ú§ã§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Ü §Ô§â§å§á§á§Ö §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó§à §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ö §ã §¤§å§ß§ß§Ñ§â§à§Þ §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Þ. §£§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §¢§Ñ§ß§é§Ñ §Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å §ß§Ñ§Õ §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Þ §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§à§è§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î. §°§ß ?§Ú§ß§ä§å§Ú§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à §å§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ó§ã§ð §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Û, §Ü§Ñ§é§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§×§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§Ñ§ç?,⁶?§Ô§Õ§Ö §ã§Ö§Ô§â§Ö§Ô§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ, §Ú §Ô§Õ§Ö §à§ß §á§â§à§Ó§×§Ý §Õ§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §ð§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§à §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §ã §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§â§Ñ§ã§ã§å§Õ§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú.

§¬ §Ó§Ö§ã§ß§Ö 1939 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§î §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §ß§Ñ§Ò§à§â §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Õ§Ý§ñ §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú, §²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¢§Ñ§ß§é §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §é§ä§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§é§Ú§Ý §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ü§ä§à§â§ã§Ü§å§ð §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§å §á§à §Ñ§ß§ä§â§à§á§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ó §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §ê§Ü§à§Ý§Ö §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú §Ó §¬§Ö§Û§á§ä§Ñ§å§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ö §Ó §À§Ø§ß§à§Û §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ö. §±§à §Ó§à§Ù§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§×§ß§ß§í§Ö §º§ä§Ñ§ä§í §à§ß §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â§Ñ §Ó §¤§à§Ó§Ñ§â§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Þ §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ö, §Ô§Õ§Ö §á§â§Ö§á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ü§å§â§ã§í §á§à §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§×§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§à §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §á§â§Ñ§Ó§å. §¢§Ñ§ß§é §ã §ï§ß§ä§å§Ù§Ú§Ñ§Ù§Þ§à§Þ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý §á§â§Ú§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ö§Þ§å §Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ö.⁷?§¦§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§å §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ä §é§Ö§ä§í§â§Ö §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§ç §Þ§à§ß§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§ä§î §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§Ú §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú. §³§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Ù §ß§Ú§ç ?§±§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã §ß§Ö§Ô§â§à§Ó?, §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ñ §á§à§Õ §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §à§á§í§ä§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ñ§æ§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§ñ §Ú§Ù §Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§ç §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó, §Ó §ä§à§Þ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §á§à §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §ð§Ô§Ö §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§×§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §è§Ú§ä§Ú§â§å§Ö§Þ§à§Û §Þ§à§ß§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§Ö§Û §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ §á§à§Õ §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ ?§¬§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ú§Õ§Ö§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§Ü§â§å§Ô §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ñ§æ§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó?, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §à§ß §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§é§Ú§Ý §Ó §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ö 1940 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§î §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ñ§Ý §Ö§× §ã §à§ã§à§Ò§í§Þ §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §Ú §Ó§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §Ó§Ö§â§à§ñ§ä§ß§à, §é§ä§à §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ §Ö§Û §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ §ê§Ó§Ö§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§è§Ú§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ñ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§× §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö.⁸?§±§â§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §Ó§í§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§Ö §å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §à§Ò §à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§í §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ò§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§í§Ö §ï§Þ§à§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Õ§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§á§â§à§Ó§à§è§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ, §¢§Ñ§ß§é §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ü §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å, §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ö§Ô§à §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §á§â§Ú§Ù§Þ§å §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §Ú §á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §á§â§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ð §Þ§Ú§æ§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §á§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§ä§Þ§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ý §â§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ú §á§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ø§ß§à §à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §à§ä §Ý§ð§Ò§í§ç §á§à§á§í§ä§à§Ü ?§á§à§Õ§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§ß§å§ä§î §Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§â§Ü§Ö?. ?§£§â§ñ§Õ §Ý§Ú §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §ß§Ñ§Û§ä§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ï§Þ§à§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í?, §á§Ú§ã§Ñ§Ý §¢§Ñ§ß§é, ?§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §ä§Ñ§Ü§å§ð §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ú§Þ§å§ð §Õ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ§Þ§å, §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §á§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ò§Ö§Ù §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §ß§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ú§ç §ß§Ö§à§ã§Ý§Ñ§Ò§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§å§ð §à§ã§ä§â§à§ä§å?.⁹

§£ §à§ä§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö §à§ä §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§ñ, §Ó§Ö§â§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à, §é§ä§à ?§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ü§â§Ö§Õ§à?, §ä§à §Ö§ã§ä§î §ã§à§Ó§à§Ü§å§á§ß§à§ã§ä§î §å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §è§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§ß §á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý, §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§Ö§Ù §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§í, §Ó§à§Ù§î§Þ§×§ä §Ó§Ö§â§ç §ß§Ñ§Õ ?§Ü§à§Ý§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§â§Ñ§ã§ã§å§Õ§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ò§í §ä§à §ß§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ô§â§å§á§á?,¹⁰?§¢§Ñ§ß§é §Ò§í§Ý §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §à§ã§ä§à§â§à§Ø§Ö§ß §Ó §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§à§Ô§à §â§à§Õ§Ñ §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ñ§ç, §ß§Ñ§á§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ñ, §é§ä§à §â§Ñ§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ú§Õ§Ö§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §é§Ö§â§ß§à§Ü§à§Ø§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §à§Ò§à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã §ä§Ö§ç §á§à§â §Ü§Ñ§Ü §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à §å§Ü§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §æ§å§ß§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§ä§Ñ §Ú §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î ?§ã§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ú§ä§î? §ß§Ö§ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Û §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ó §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ý§Ö §Ú ?§Ú§Õ§Ö§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ö§Û §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ú?.¹¹?§£§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §ä§à§Ô§à §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§î, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ï§ä§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§î, §é§ä§à §Þ§à§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó§í §Ó §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§Þ §ã§é§×§ä§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§í§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §à§ç§Ó§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ó§Ú§ß§í §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§à§Þ §Ó§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §é§ä§à §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§Ý§à §Ò§í §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§Ý §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ñ§ñ §å§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Û§ã§ñ §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§à§Ü, §¢§Ñ§ß§é §â§Ñ§ä§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ù§Ñ §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§í§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§í, §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ü §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à ?§Ü§â§Ö§ã§ä§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §á§à§ç§à§Õ§Ñ? §Ú ?§ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§â§Ú§Þ§à§Û §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§í?, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä ?§Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ð §ß§Ñ [...] §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Þ §æ§å§ß§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ö?. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §Õ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ§Þ§å §é§Ö§â§ß§à§Ü§à§Ø§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§î ?§ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ù§Ñ §ã§é§×§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Þ §á§à§Ý§ß§à§è§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú?.¹²

§®§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §¢§Ñ§ß§é §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Û §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ú §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ý §á§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§í§Û §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§à§Ý§Ú §¯§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ü§å§â§ã§Ñ ¨C §ã§Ö§â§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ §Ú §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú, §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§ç §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ §¶§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§Ý§Ú§ß§à§Þ §¥. §²§å§Ù§Ó§Ö§Ý§î§ä§à§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§á§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú. §±§à§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§å §¢§Ñ§ß§é §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§í§Û ?§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Û §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ §Ü [§ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å] §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð? §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Õ§×§ä §Ü §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, ?§á§à§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §á§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ä§î §å§Ü§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§à§Ó§Ö§â§ß§å§ä§î §Ó§ã§á§ñ§ä§î §å§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §å§ã§à§Þ§ß§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§ç §ä§Ö§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§í§Þ §Õ§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ú§Þ §å§ã§ä§à§ñ§Þ?,¹³?§ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§å§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§ç §ã§ä§Ö§â§Ö§à§ä§Ú§á§à§Ó. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Þ §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§ñ, §à§ß §á§â§Ú§ê§×§Ý §Ü §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ§å, §é§ä§à §è§Ö§Ý§í§Û §â§ñ§Õ §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ö§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û, §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§×§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó, §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §á§à§Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ä§î §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §ß§Ñ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ñ§æ§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó. §³§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §ß§Ú§ç §à§ã§à§Ò§å§ð §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å, §á§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §¢§Ñ§ß§é§Ñ, §Ó§ß§å§ê§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§í, §á§à§Õ§â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ø§Ú§Ý§î§ñ §ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§ã§ñ, §Ó§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ù§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§ß§à§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ä§í §Ú §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ú§ç §é§Ñ§ã§à§Ó. §£ §ã§à§Ó§à§Ü§å§á§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã ?§¯§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ §à §ä§â§å§Õ§à§Ó§í§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç, §à§ß§Ú §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§æ§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §Ó §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú, §é§Ö§Þ ?§Ó§ã§Ö §Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §Ú §ß§Ö§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ú §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ [§ß§Ú§ç] §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó?.¹⁴?§¢§Ñ§ß§é §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§Ý §ß§Ñ§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó §Ñ§æ§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ö §¯§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ü§å§â§ã§Ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§ß§Ú §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ù§Ñ §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó, §Ó§í§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §ß§Ñ §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î §ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§ã§ñ, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§í §ß§Ñ §ß§å§Ø§Õ§í §Ñ§æ§â§à-§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ú §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ú§Þ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §å§ã§Ý§å§Ô§Ú. §¢§Ö§Ù§å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§ß§à, §¢§Ñ§ß§é §à§ã§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ô§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§ñ§Ø§×§Ý§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Þ§Ú§Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§ß§í§ç, §ß§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §ï§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §à§ß§Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Þ §ê§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Ü ?§Ù§Ñ§Ó§à§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ?.¹⁵?§³§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§á§Ñ§Õ, §Ú §Þ§í §ã§ä§à§Ú§Þ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §Ý§Ú§è§à§Þ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§â§Ú§Ù§Ú§ã§Ñ, §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ§í §¢§Ñ§ß§é§Ñ §à §â§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú§ß§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§å §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ö§Ý§î§Ù§ñ §Ü§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§í §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ã§Ý§à§×§Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§á§Ú§â§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§í §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Þ§í §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §à§ä§ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§î §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä§å §Ö§ë§× §Ý§å§é§ê§Ö. §¿§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à§ä§Ö§ß §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §á§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§å §Þ§Ú§â§å §Õ§à §ã§Ú§ç §á§à§â §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§ì§ñ§ß§í, §Ü§Ñ§Ü ?§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ö§ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§î?, ?§ß§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à§ã§ä§î §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ?, ?§â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§í §ä§â§å§ë§à§Ò? §Ú ?§ß§Ö§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ü§Ó§Ñ§ä§ß§à§Ö [¡­] §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö?.¹⁶?§²§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§Ñ §¢§Ñ§ß§é§Ñ, §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Õ, §Ó §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§ß§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ù §á§à§Õ§é§×§â§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ö§à§ã§Ý§Ñ§Ò§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§å§ð §Ñ§Ü§ä§å§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§×§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§Þ §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ.

§º§Ú§â§à§Ü§Ú§Û §à§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó, §à§Ò§ì§×§Þ §Ú §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§Ñ ?§¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ§Þ§í?, §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Û §Ú§Ù §ã§à§â§à§Ü§Ñ §á§ñ§ä§Ú §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§Ö §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ú§Ù §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §Þ§ß§à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ò§Ý§Ú§è, §ã§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §à §ä§à§Þ, §ß§Ñ§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§à §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§ß§Ú§Ü§Ý§Ú §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö §Ñ§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§í §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §¬§Ñ§Ü §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ß§Ñ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ã§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ §à§ã§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Ò§í §ä§à §ß§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§à §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ñ §ã §ß§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í §Ý§Ú§ê§î §á§â§Ú §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ú §Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ö§Û §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§â§à§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Ö §Ö§× §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§à§Ö §á§â§à§ê§Ý§à§Ö, §á§à§Õ§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§ß§å§Ó §á§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Þ§å §ä§ë§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§å §Ó§ã§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó §Ö§× §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö, §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ú§Ý§í. §£ §à§ä§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö §à§ä §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§å §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§ñ, §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â§í §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ò§í §ä§à §ß§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§à §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú, ?§¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ§Þ§Ñ? §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú§ã§é§Ö§â§á§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §Ó§ã§Ö§ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú ?§â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ú§è?.¹⁷?§¯§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ §ã§í§Ô§â§Ñ§Ý§Ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§à§è§Ú§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ó §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §£§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§å§Õ§Ñ §á§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§å §¢§â§Ñ§å§ß §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §á§à §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð (1954), §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Þ§å §Ü§à§ß§Ö§è §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §ã§Ö§Ô§â§Ö§Ô§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ñ§ë§Ö§Û §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§Ú. §±§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ù §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§í §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Õ§à§Ó§à§Õ§à§Ó §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Õ§à§Ü§ä§â§Ú§ß§í ?§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§×§ß§ß§í§ç, §ß§à §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§ç? §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û, §Ú §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §é§ä§à §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ü §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ð §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö§á§à§Ý§ß§à§è§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. ????

§£ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Ò§í §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ú §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ó§ã§× §Ö§ë§× §á§â§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§â§å§ð§ä, §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §Ü§â§Ú§Ù§Ú§ã§Ñ §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Ô§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§à §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ§ç, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §ï§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§â§å§á§á §Ú?§Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó, §Ú §ß§Ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §å§ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Þ§í§ç §ã§Ý§à§ñ§ç §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§³§Ö§Þ§î§Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä §á§ñ§ä§î §Ý§Ö§ä §ã§á§å§ã§ä§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §¢§Ñ§ß§é §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ý §â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§í §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§å, §Ò§Ö§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ü§ã§á§Ý§å§Ñ§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó, §Ò§å§Õ§î §ä§à §Õ§à§â§à§Ô§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§Ö§ã§Ú§ß§Ñ, §Ñ§Ý§Þ§Ñ§Ù§í, §Ù§à§Ý§à§ä§à, §á§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Ú§ã§Ü§à§á§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §Ú §ß§Ö§æ§ä§î, §Ý§Ú§Ò§à §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §á§Ý§à§Õ§à§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §Ú §Ó§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ü§Ñ§ä§Ñ§ã§ä§â§à§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ö §ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä, §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ö§ä §â§Ñ§Ù§Ø§Ú§Ô§Ñ§ä§î §Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§é§Ñ§Û§ê§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§í.¹⁸

§±§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ó§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §è§Ö§Ý§à§Ô§à §â§ñ§Õ§Ñ §ã§à§è§Ú§à§Ý§à§Ô§à§Ó, §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §ð§â§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§ã§Ú§ç§à§Ý§à§Ô§à§Ó, §ï§ä§ß§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§à§Ó, §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ü§à§Ó, §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §å§é§×§ß§í§ç, §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ö §ß§Ñ§Õ ?§¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ§Þ§à§Û?, §å§á§à§â§ß§à §á§í§ä§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú§ã§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §é§Ö§Þ §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §À§¯§¦§³§¬§° §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ ?§¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §à §â§Ñ§ã§Ö §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§â§Ñ§ã§ã§å§Õ§Ü§Ñ§ç? §Ó 1978 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ñ §à§ä§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§Ö§à§â§Ú§ñ§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ú§Ý§Ú §ï§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Ó§à§ã§ç§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ö§ß§à §Ó §é§Ö§ä§Ó§×§â§ä§à§Þ §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §À§¯§¦§³§¬§° §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Þ§å §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§â§Ñ§ã§ã§å§Õ§Ü§Ñ§Þ, §Ó§í§ê§Ö§Õ§ê§Ö§Þ §Ó 1967-§Þ, §Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§â§à§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ú§â§å§ã§Ñ COVID-19 c §Ö§ë§× §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Û §à§ã§ä§â§à§ä§à§Û §Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ô§à§Õ§å, §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ ?§á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§ã §á§â§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î, §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ð §ä§Ö§ç, §Ü§ä§à §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ö§× §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó§à§Û §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ö§ç, §Ü§ä§à §Ö§× §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§å§Ö§ä. §°§ß§Ñ §Ó§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä §Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ú§Û §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§à§â §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §Ú §à§Ò§à§ã§ä§â§ñ§Ö§ä §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§í, §å§Ô§â§à§Ø§Ñ§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§å §ß§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä§Ö?.¹⁹

§°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§×§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ä§î §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §á§à §Ú§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó. §¯§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§Ó§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §à §Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §æ§à§â§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §Ó 1969 §Ô§à§Õ§å. §£ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§Ó§Ö§ã §ã§ä§Ö§â§Ö§à§ä§Ú§á§ß§à§Þ§å §Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð, §Õ§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ö§Þ§å §Ó §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§á§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§à§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§í, §°§°§¯ §Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§å§ð §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§î §Ú§Ù §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ. §±§â§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ, §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ö§â§ß§å§Ý§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§Ñ §Ñ§á§Ñ§â§ä§Ö§Ú§Õ§Ñ, §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à-§é§Ý§Ö§ß §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§ä§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§à §à§ä §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ö §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú. §®§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §é§Ö§Þ §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§î §Ý§Ö§ä §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §À§Ø§ß§à§Û §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §á§à§Ý§ß§à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §é§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §°§°§¯ §Ó 1994 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ §Ö§× §á§Ö§â§Ö§ç§à§Õ§à§Þ §Ü §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð, §à§ß§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Þ §£§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ü§ã§Ö§ß§à§æ§à§Ò§Ú§Ú §Ú §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §ã §ß§Ú§Þ§Ú §ß§Ö§ä§Ö§â§á§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§ê§Ý§Ñ §Ó 2001 §Ô§à§Õ§å.

§ª §Ó§ã§× §Ø§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ §Ó§ã§× §Ö§ë§× §á§â§Ú§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §Ó §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú. §£ 1967 §Ô§à§Õ§å §¢§Ñ§ß§é §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ï§ã§ã§Ö, §à§Ù§Ñ§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö ?§£§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §Ô§Ö§ä§ä§à?, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §à§ß §Õ§Ñ§Ý §Ó§à§Ý§ð §â§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ë§Ö§Þ§å §ã§Ü§Ö§á§ä§Ú§è§Ú§Ù§Þ§å §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Þ§Ö§Ø§â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ §ã ?§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§í§Þ §Ó§Ú§â§å§ã§à§Þ?,²⁰?§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §á§à §à§Ò§Ö §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §é§Ö§â§ä§í, §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§Ô§à §è§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §Ü§à§Ø§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §ï§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §¸§Ö§ß§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §á§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ú §Ö§× §ß§Ú §Ó §Ü§à§Ö§Þ §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö §ß§Ö§Ý§î§Ù§ñ §ß§Ö§Õ§à§à§è§Ö§ß§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ §á§â§à§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§à§Ó§ã§ð§Õ§å §Ú §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§å§ð §Ø§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§â§å§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §ã§Ú§Ý§å, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ú§Û §ß§à§Ó§í§Û §Ü§à§â§à§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ú§â§å§ã, §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û §Ý§ð§Õ§ñ§Þ §ã§ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ã§ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §ß§Ñ§Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û §á§â§Ú§Ó§í§é§ß§í§Û §ç§à§Õ §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ó §Ú§ç §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§ç. §¬§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ó §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö §ã §á§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ö§Û, §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§í §ã ?§Ó§Ú§â§å§ã§à§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ?, §ß§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ò§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §á§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ä§î §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í. §£ §á§Ö§â§Ó§å§ð §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§î §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î ?§â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ñ§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú?, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §ß§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §å§ë§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü §ä§à§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§à§Û §Ô§â§å§á§á§Ö §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û. §¥§Ý§ñ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§Õ§à §Ó§í§ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§ã§í§Ý§Ü§Ú §Ú§ç §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§ç §å§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §ª§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §ï§ä§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§é§Ñ §ã§ä§à§ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ §¬§Ñ§â§ß§Ö§Ô§Ú-§®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§ñ 75 §Ý§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Õ. §¯§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ§ê§ß§Ú§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î §Ú§ç §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ú §à§ã§ä§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§á§â§Ö§Ó§Ù§à§Û§Õ§×§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú. §±§à§Þ§Ú§Þ§à §à§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó ?§¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ§Þ§Ö? §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ú§ã§á§à§Ü§à§ß §Ó§Ö§Ü§à§Ó §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §â§à§ã§ä§å §ß§Ñ§á§â§ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö, §á§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ú§ñ §Ó§í§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ß§à§Ó§í§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ä§ß§í§Ö §æ§à§â§Þ§í §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à §â§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ë§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ. §¥§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ü§Ú §Ý§Ö§ä §Ú§Ô§ß§à§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§ß§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à§Ô§à §Ø§Ú§Ý§î§ñ, §Ú§ß§æ§â§Ñ§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§í §Ú §Ó §ß§à§â§Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §ï§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ü §ã§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§í §Ù§Ñ §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î §ã §ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ä§î §ß§à§Ó§í§Û ?§Ù§Ö§Ý§×§ß§í§Û? §Ü§å§â§ã. §£ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Ò§í §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ú §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ó§ã§× §Ö§ë§× §á§â§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§â§å§ð§ä, §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §Ü§â§Ú§Ù§Ú§ã§Ñ §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Ô§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§à §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ§ç, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §ï§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§â§å§á§á §Ú?§Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó, §Ú §ß§Ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §å§ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Þ§í§ç §ã§Ý§à§ñ§ç §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§²§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ§í, §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§×§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ú §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§ð§ä §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§â§Ñ§ã§ã§å§Õ§Ü§à§Ó, §Ú §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §à§ß§Ú §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à §Ú§Ù §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §£§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §³§å§Õ§Ñ §á§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§å §¢§â§Ñ§å§ß §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §á§à §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð. §¯§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý §á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î §¬§ï§â§Ú§Ý §¶§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§á§ã, ?§à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ó §à§Õ§ß§à§é§Ñ§ã§î§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î §ï§Þ§à§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û?.²¹?§¿§ä§à, §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§×§ä§ã§ñ §à§ß, §Ó§à§Ù§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ß§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ß§Ñ§ã, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §å§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §â§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ú, §Ò§Ö§Ù§å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§ß§à, §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§ç. §±§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§í§Ö §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ã§Ú§Ý. §¯§Ñ§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ã§â§Ñ§Ù§å §Ó §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ§ç, §ï§ä§Ú §Þ§Ö§â§í §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ý§Ú§ê§î §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ä§î §Ñ§ß§ä§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ, §Ó§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §é§Ö§Ô§à §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§í §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ö§ë§× §ê§Ú§â§Ö, §à§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ó§ã§× §ß§à§Ó§í§Ö §Ô§â§å§á§á§í §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ö§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ö§ä§Ö§â§Ñ§ß§à§Ó. §¥§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ä§í §Ó§à§Ù§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §å§Ý§Ú§è§í, §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §ä§Ö§Þ §Ø§Ö ?§é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ä§â§Ö§Ó§à§Ô§à§Û §Ù§Ñ §ã§å§Õ§î§Ò§å §Ú§ç §ã§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß §Ú §à§ã§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ§Þ, §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ?,²²?§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§à§Ò§å§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§Ñ §¢§Ñ§ß§é§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§ä§î §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §à§Ô§â§à§Þ§ß§í§Þ §ã§à§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ý§Ö§Ô§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§â§ß§à§Ô§à ?§®§Ñ§â§ê§Ñ §ß§Ñ §£§Ñ§ê§Ú§ß§Ô§ä§à§ß? §Ó 1963 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §á§â§ñ§Þ§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§ß§à§Û §â§Ö§é§î§ð §®§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §­§ð§ä§Ö§â§Ñ §¬§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ, §Ú §á§à§Ù§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§ã§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü §á§â§Ö§á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§à§Þ§å §Õ§à§Ü§ä§à§â§å §¬§Ú§ß§Ô§å §Ó §¡§Ý§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ö, §Ô§Õ§Ö §à§ß§Ú §ê§Ý§Ú §â§å§Ü§Ñ §à§Ò §â§å§Ü§å §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§ç §â§ñ§Õ§Ñ§ç §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Þ§Ñ§â§ê§Ñ §à§ä §³§Ö§Ý§î§Þ§í §Õ§à §®§à§ß§ä§Ô§à§Þ§Ö§â§Ú.

§º§Ö§ã§ä§î§Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä §á§ñ§ä§î §Ý§Ö§ä §ã§á§å§ã§ä§ñ, §Ó §Õ§Ó§å§ç §ä§í§ã§ñ§é§Ñ§ç §Þ§Ú§Ý§î §à§ä §³§Ö§Ý§î§Þ§í §ß§à§Ó§à§Ö §á§à§Ü§à§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §é§Ö§â§á§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§Õ§à§ç§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ù §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ, §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §Ò§í§Ý§à ?§Ó§í§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§à §ä§à §Ù§Ý§à, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§Ý§Ñ §Ó §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §á§à§Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ö§Ô§â§Ö§Ô§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ?, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ò§í§Ý §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä §©§Ñ§Ü§à§ß §à§Ò §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö §Ó 1965 §Ô§à§Õ§å. §¤-§Ø§Ñ §±§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§ã§ã §¬§å§Ý§Ý§à§â§ã, §Ñ§æ§â§à-§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ç§å§Õ§à§Ø§ß§Ú§Ü, §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ú§ã§ä, §à§â§Ñ§ä§à§â §Ú §à§Õ§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ Black Lives Matter, §Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §Ü§à§Ñ§Ý§Ú§è§Ú§ð §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Ó §Ó §­§à§ã-§¡§ß§Õ§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ö§ã§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§ð§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ó§à§×§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ú§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ô§à§Ý§à§ã§Ñ §é§ä§à§Ò§í ?§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ö §Ó §ä§ð§â§î§Þ§Ñ§ç §Ú §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§Ü§à§Ö §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ê§Ö§â§Ú§æ§à§Ó §ã §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§×§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú?.²³?§¬§Ñ§Ü §ï§ä§à §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û-§ä§à §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Õ§×§ß§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §ã§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ø§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ö, §Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö. §£§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à, §é§ä§à §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §Þ§Ú§â §ß§Ö §ã§à§Õ§â§à§Ô§ß§å§Ý§ã§ñ §à§ä §å§Ø§Ñ§ã§Ñ, §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ò§Ö§ã§ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§Ü§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§ê§Ý§à§Û §Ó§Ö§ã§ß§à§Û §Ó §®§Ú§ß§ß§Ö§Ñ§á§à§Ý§Ú§ã§Ö §á§à§Ô§Ú§Ò §Ñ§æ§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ö§è, §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ò§í §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à §Ô-§Ø§Ñ §¬§å§Ý§Ý§à§â§ã §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ú§è§Ö§Û §Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §±§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ó §ß§Ñ§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§å §ß§à§ã§ñ§ë§å§ð §Ú§Þ§ñ §²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§Ñ §¢§Ñ§ß§é§Ñ. §µ§â§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ü§Ñ §­§à§ã-§¡§ß§Õ§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ö§ã§Ñ, §á§à§ã§Ó§ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ê§Ñ§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Õ§Ó§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§Ú §Ý§Ö§ä §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ö §Ù§Ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ§í §å§Ô§à§Ý§à§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§ã§å§Õ§Ú§ñ, §à§ß§Ñ §á§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§å §ã§ß§Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§ð §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ò§å §Ñ§æ§â§à-§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å. §³§á§å§ã§ä§ñ §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§î §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ù§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ó §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §à§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î, §Ó §à§Õ§ß§à§é§Ñ§ã§î§Ö §á§â§Ú§à§Ò§â§Ö§Ý§à §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§å§ð §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§î. §¦§Ô§à §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Þ§Ú§â §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §à§Ò§ë§Ú§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §á§à§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó ?§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Ô§à §Ó§Ú§â§å§ã§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ?, §ä§ñ§Ø§×§Ý§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§Õ§å§Ô§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ý§Ú§ê§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §ã§à§é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§â§Ú§ã§å§ë§Ö§Û §Ú§Þ §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ä§î, §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ñ §Õ§å§ê§Ú §Ù§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ò§Ö§Ù§å§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§ß§í§Þ §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§î §Ø§Ú§Ó§à§ä§ß§å§ð §Ø§Ñ§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú. ??

?

§±§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ

1.?Brian Urquhart,?Ralph Bunche: An American Life?(New York, London, W.W. Norton and Company, 1993), §ã§ä§â. 458. (§¢§â§Ñ§Û§Ñ§ß §µ§â§Ü§ç§Ñ§â§ä, §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î (§¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü, §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß, §¯§à§â§ä§à§ß §Ú §¬§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú, 1993).

2.??Ralph J. Bunche,?A World View of Race?(Washington, D.C., The Associates in Negro Folk Education, 1936), §ã§ä§â. 25. §²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¥§Ø. §¢§Ñ§ß§é, §±§à§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§í (§£§Ñ§ê§Ú§ß§Ô§ä§à§ß, §¥.§¬., The Associates in Negro Folk Education, 1936).

3.? §´§Ñ§Þ §Ø§Ö, §ã§ä§â. 38-40.

4.??John B. Kirby, "Ralph J. Bunche and black radical thought in the1930s",?Phylon, vol. 35, No. 2 (2nd Qt., 1974), §ã§ä§â.?131. (§¥§Ø§à§ß §¢. §¬§×§â§Ò§Ú, ?§²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¢§Ñ§ß§é §Ú §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §æ§Ú§Ý§à§ã§à§æ§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §é§Ö§â§ß§à§Ü§à§Ø§Ú§ç §Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó 1930-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç?, Phylon, §ä§à§Þ 35, §Ó§í§á§å§ã§Ü 2 (1974)).

5.??Bunche,?A?World View of Race, §ã§ä§â. 26.

6.??Dewey W. Grantham, "Editor's introduction", in?The Political Status of the Negro in the Age of FDR, Ralph J. Bunche (Chicago, London, The University of Chicago Press, 1973) §ã§ä§â. xii. (§¥§î§ð§Ú §µ. §¤§â§ï§ß§ä§ï§Þ (§â§Ö§Õ.), ?§±§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ö §â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ?, §Ó §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ö §±§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã §ß§Ö§Ô§â§à§Ó §Ó §ï§á§à§ç§å §²§å§Ù§Ó§Ö§Ý§î§ä§Ñ, §²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¥§Ø. §¢§Ñ§ß§é (§¹§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ô§à, §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß, §ª§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¹§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ô§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ, 1973)).

7.? §´§Ñ§Þ §Ø§Ö.

8.??Clare L. Spark, "Race, caste, or class? The Bunche-Myrdal dispute over?An American Dilemma",?International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society, vol. 14, No. 3 (March 2001), §ã§ä§â. 473. (§¬§Ý§ï§â §­. §³§á§Ñ§â§Ü, ?§²§Ñ§ã§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ, §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§Ý§Ñ§ã§ã? §±§à§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ §¢§Ñ§ß§é§Ñ §ã §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Þ §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à ?§¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ§Þ§í??, International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society, §ä§à§Þ 14, §Ó§í§á§å§ã§Ü 3 (March 2001)).

9.??Ralph J. Bunche, "Conceptions and Ideologies of the Negro Problem". A Research memorandum. Carnegie-Myrdal Study. The Negro in America (New York, 1940), §ã§ä§â. 5, 3. The Social Science Research Council. (§²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¥§Ø. §¢§Ñ§ß§é, ?§¬§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ú§Õ§Ö§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§Ü§â§å§Ô §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ñ§æ§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó?. §²§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§í §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ. §±§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä §¶§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §¬§Ñ§â§ß§Ö§Ô§Ú, §á§à§Õ §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§ñ. §¯§Ö§Ô§â§í §Ó §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö (§¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü, 1940), §ã§ä§â. 5,3. §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §á§à §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ§å§Ü). §³ §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§à§Þ §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §á§à §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§ã§í§Ý§Ü§Ö: .

10.??Gunnar Myrdal with the assistance of Richard Sterner and Arnold Rose,?An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy?(New York, London, Harper and Brothers Publishers, 1944), §ã§ä§â. xlvii.?(§¤§å§ß§ß§Ñ§â §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§î, §á§â§Ú §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §²§Ú§é§Ñ§â§Õ§Ñ §³§ä§×§â§ß§Ö§â§Ñ §Ú §¡§â§ß§à§Ý§î§Õ§Ñ §²§à§å§Ù, §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ§Þ§Ñ: §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ô§â§à§Ó §Ú §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ñ (§¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü, §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß, Harper and Brothers Publishers, 1944)).

11.???Bunche, "Conceptions and Ideologies of the Negro Problem", §ã§ä§â. 9.

12.? ?Ralph J. Bunche, "The Negro in the political life of the United States",?Journal of Negro Education, vol. X (July 1941), §ã§ä§â. 583, 581. §±§â§à§è§Ú§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §Ó Kirby, "Ralph J. Bunche and black radical thought in the 1930s", §ã§ä§â. 135, 137. (§²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¥§Ø. §¢§Ñ§ß§é, ?§¡§æ§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§í §Ó §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§×§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó?, Journal of Negro Education, §ä§à§Þ X (§Ú§ð§Ý§î 1941), §ã§ä§â. 583, 581. §±§â§à§è§Ú§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §Ó §¬§×§â§Ò§Ú, ?§²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¢§Ñ§ß§é §Ú §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §æ§Ú§Ý§à§ã§à§æ§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §é§Ö§â§ß§à§Ü§à§Ø§Ú§ç §Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó 1930-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç?, §ã§ä§â. 135, 137).

13.??Kirby, "Ralph J. Bunche and black radical thought in the 1930s", §ã§ä§â. 134 §Ú Ralph J. Bunche, ¡°A critique of New Deal social planning as it affects negroes",?Journal of Negro Education, Vol. V (January 1936), §ã§ä§â. 60. Cited in Kirby, "Ralph J. Bunche and black radical thought in the 1930s", §ã§ä§â. 133.??(§²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¥§Ø. §¢§Ñ§ß§é, ?§¬§â§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ñ§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Ó §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §¯§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ü§å§â§ã§Ñ §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§æ§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó?, Journal of Negro Education, §ä§à§Þ V (§ñ§ß§Ó§Ñ§â§î 1936), §ã§ä§â. 60. §±§â§à§è§Ú§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §Ó §¬§×§â§Ò§Ú, ?§²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¢§Ñ§ß§é §Ú §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §æ§Ú§Ý§à§ã§à§æ§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §é§Ö§â§ß§à§Ü§à§Ø§Ú§ç §Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó 1930-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç?, §ã§ä§â. 133).

14.??Ralph J. Bunche, "The?Political?Status of the Negro?with Emphasis on the South and Comparative Treatment of the 'Poor White'".?A Research memorandum. Carnegie-Myrdal Study. The Negro in America, Book VI (New York, 1940), §ã§ä§â. 1530-1531.?The Social Science Research Council. Available at??. (§²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¥§Ø. §¢§Ñ§ß§é, ?§±§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã §ß§Ö§Ô§â§à§Ó, §ã §á§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §à§Ò §Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §ð§Ô§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ú §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§Û §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §ß§Ú§Þ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú, §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Û §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ò§Ö§Ý§í§Þ §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ñ§Þ §ã §ß§Ú§Ù§Ü§Ú§Þ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö§Þ §Õ§à§ç§à§Õ§Ñ?. §²§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§í §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ. §±§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä §¶§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §¬§Ñ§â§ß§Ö§Ô§Ú, §á§à§Õ §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §®§ð§â§Õ§Ñ§Ý§ñ. §¯§Ö§Ô§â§í §Ó §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö, §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ VI (§¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü, 1940), §ã§ä§â. 1530-1531. §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §á§à §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ§å§Ü). §³ §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§à§Þ §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §á§à §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§ã§í§Ý§Ü§Ö: .

15.??Kirby, "Ralph J. Bunche and black radical thought in the 1930s", §ã§ä§â. 134.

16.??Ralph J. Bunche, "The Negro in the political life of the United States", §ã§ä§â. 538. §±§â§à§è§Ú§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §Ó Kirby, "Ralph J. Bunche and black radical thought in the 1930s", §ã§ä§â. 135.

17.??Urquhart,?Ralph Bunche: An American Life,?§ã§ä§â. 83.

18.? §°§á§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§°§¯ §á§à §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ, ?§¬§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§í §Ú §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§í?. §¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ó§Ö§Ò-§ã§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö .

19.? ?UNESCO, "Statement on race and racial prejudice, Paris, September 1967", in?Four Statements on the Race Question?(Paris, 1969), p. 50. (§À§¯§¦§³§¬§°, ?§©§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Þ§å §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§â§Ñ§ã§ã§å§Õ§Ü§Ñ§Þ?, §±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø, §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§î, 1967, §Ó §¹§Ö§ä§í§â§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Þ§å §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å (§±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø, 1969), §ã§ä§â. 50).

20.??Ralph J. Bunche, "Upheavals in the Ghettos," in?Ralph J. Bunche,?Selected Speeches and Writings, Charles P. Henry, ed. and?"Introduction¡± (Ann Arbor, The University of Michigan Press, 1998),?§ã§ä§â. 290.?(§²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¥§Ø. §¢§Ñ§ß§é, ?§£§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §Ô§Ö§ä§ä§à?, §Ó §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ö §²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¥§Ø. §¢§Ñ§ß§é, §ª§Ù§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§é§Ú §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú, §á§à§Õ §â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ü§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §ã ?§±§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ? §¹§Ñ§â§Ý§î§Ù§Ñ §±. §¤§Ö§ß§â§Ú (§¿§ß§ß §¡§â§Ò§à§â, §ª§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §®§Ú§é§Ú§Ô§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §µ§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ, 1998), §ã§ä§â. 290).

21.??Caryl Phillips, "American tribalism", in?The American Effect: Global Perspectives on the United States, 1990-2003?(New York, Whitney Museum of American Art, 2003), p. 91. (§¬§ï§â§Ú§Ý §¶§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§á§ã, ?§±§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö?, §Ó §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ö §£§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö: §£§Ù§Ô§Ý§ñ§Õ§í §ß§Ñ §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§×§ß§ß§í§Ö §º§ä§Ñ§ä§í §Ú§Ù §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§ç §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §ê§Ñ§â§Ñ, 1990-2003 (§¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü, §®§å§Ù§Ö§Û §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §µ§Ú§ä§ß§Ú, 2003), §ã§ä§â. 91).

15 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1980 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §á§Ñ§â§Ü§Ö §ß§Ñ§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §ê§ä§Ñ§Ò-§Ü§Ó§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§â§í §°§°§¯, §ß§à§ã§ñ§ë§Ö§Þ §Ö§Ô§à §Ú§Þ§ñ, §á§â§à§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §è§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§à§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§Ú§ñ 50-§æ§å§ä§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§Ö§Ý§Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ ?§¶§à§â§Þ§Ñ §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §ß§à§Þ§Ö§â §à§Õ§Ú§ß?, §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §¥§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ §­§ñ §²§ð §¥§Ø§à§ß§ã§à§ß§à§Þ. §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯/ §²§Ñ§Þ§Ù§Ú §¡§Ò§å§ê§Ñ§Õ§Ú

22.??Ralph Bunche, "March on Montgomery Speech, 1965", in Bunche,?Selected Speeches and Writings, §ã§ä§â. 259. (§²§Ñ§Ý§î§æ §¥§Ø. §¢§Ñ§ß§é, ?§²§Ö§é§î, §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ã§×§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §®§Ñ§â§ê§Ñ §ß§Ñ §®§à§ß§ä§Ô§à§Þ§Ö§â§Ú, 1965?, §Ó §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ö §¢§Ñ§ß§é, §ª§Ù§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§é§Ú §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú, §ã§ä§â. 259).

23.??Patrisse Cullors, "Selma to LA: How civil rights history inspired modern criminal justice reform and Measure R", Daily KOS, 25 February 2020. Available at ?.

(§±§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§ã§ã §¬§å§Ý§Ý§à§â§ã, ? §°§ä §³§Ö§Ý§î§Þ§í §Õ§à §­§à§ã-§¡§ß§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ö§ã§Ñ: §¬§Ñ§Ü §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§í §Ù§Ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ó§Õ§à§ç§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ§å §å§Ô§à§Ý§à§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§ã§å§Õ§Ú§ñ §Ú ?, Daily KOS, 25 §¶§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§ñ 2020. §°§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§à §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§ã§í§Ý§Ü§Ö: ).